Special feature of 1905 film network Have you downloaded the national anti-fraud center APP?The police uncle has been mobilizing the masses to actively install and use the National Anti-Fraud Center APP, and has done his best to remind the citizens to prevent telecom fraud.With the continuous development of Internet technology, people’s information is more transparent, and fraudsters’ deception is escalating day by day. Therefore, it is imperative to raise anti-fraud awareness.

The anti-fraud series "Anti-fraud Storm" produced by the movie channel recommended today shows the real "telecom fraud encyclopedia" to the audience and vividly restores the most common fraud cases in real life.The film truly restores the fraud dens and environment, and shows the fraud process, fraud division of labor, fraud speech and so on in detail, so that the audience can have a deeper understanding of the current fraud.

High-tech detection, gun chase, crisis bomb disposal, special police round-up and other big scenes that show the police’s crime-solving techniques make this series very ornamental.

The series "Anti-Fraud Storm" tells five different fraud scenarios in five films, and the stories in the films are all from real cases.

Social security fraud, marriage fraud, hacker Trojan virus stealing accounts, QQ WeChat fraud, pseudo base station SMS fraud and other types of fraud often mentioned in the news are all realistically shown in the film, and with the full assistance of the Ministry of Public Security, this series can be said to be a set of works that deeply expose the inside story of domestic telecom network fraud.

1. Pretending to be a public security law to cheat social security

Telecommunication fraud is rampant.Deception in the name of "insurance company, social security or medical insurance bureau" in real life makes it difficult for victims to distinguish between true and false.Dai Lian, the mother whose son was seriously ill and whose life was hanging by a thread, was taken away by the medical insurance fraud.

Unforgettable anti-fraud storm

The deception methods of fraud groups are deeply rooted in the daily life of the people and are very clever. They have their own complete fraud system and fraud process, with clear division of responsibilities and uniform personnel distribution.

　Unforgettable anti-fraud storm

The film is restored to a certain extent, so that the audience can understand the truth of social security fraud and low-income fraud. It also tells us not to panic in the face of this situation, not to believe strange calls, but to go to the nearest social security service center for on-site inquiry or call the 12333 service hotline for verification.

2. Online marriage and love fraud

The abyss of desire is unpredictable, and the current marriage fraud is increasingly rampant.

In "Love Puzzle of Anti-fraud Storm", Yu Meng’s older uncle, a member of the anti-telecom fraud action group, was caught in an online marriage scam. In order to prevent the fraud group from trying to make a fortune through the online marriage fair, the police and the fraud group launched this battle between the police and the robbers.

Love puzzle of anti-fraud storm

The Love Puzzle of the Anti-fraud Storm exposes the truth of "cheating love" and reminds netizens that they should be vigilant when it comes to economic exchanges in the process of online communication, and be more alert to those "gentle traps" in the name of love.

3. High-tech fraud

With the rapid development of science and technology, the fraudulent means of criminals are constantly updated. It is impossible to prevent people from committing crimes by using high-tech means such as hacking technology and Trojan virus to disguise fraudulent information as QR codes, likes and love transmission.

The criminals in the film take advantage of the victim’s psychology of "love takes advantage of small things" and "curiosity" to weaken the victim’s awareness of prevention, which leads to tragedy.

Tan Shuai, the police chief, finally assisted banks and operators in handling cases through the anti-fraud center, and stripped off major fraud cases at different levels.

The evil call of the anti-fraud storm

High-tech fraud is all around us. Don’t be greedy, don’t panic, don’t be curious, don’t leak, and don’t be credulous! Doing these five points well will surely prevent them effectively.

4. Star fraud

In recent years, an endless stream of star fraud cases are telling us that neither stars nor ordinary people can escape the eyes of fraud groups.

The Battle of Cat and Mouse in the Anti-fraud Storm tells the story of Bao Xiaofu and Deng Chao, police officers of the Anti-telecom fraud team of Binhai Public Security Bureau, who found clues from a telecom fraud case of an internet star, and then ended the largest telecom fraud gang in Binhai, headed by Mei Qianfeng.

The cat-and-mouse battle of the anti-fraud storm

The huge scam that stars are caught in reminds us all the time not to send money to strangers and disclose any personal information.

5, low-income fraud, pseudo base station SMS fraud

Fraudulent means emerge one after another.People always receive all kinds of unknown phone calls or text messages in life, and these seemingly ordinary anonymous phone calls and text messages are actually elaborate scams.

In recent years, fraudsters have begun to use pseudo base stations for cast-net fraud. Pseudo base stations can impersonate any number, including the numbers of communication operators, bank customer service and even social security bureaus and public security departments to send short messages. Once someone clicks on the link in the short message, it is likely to cause economic losses.

The Strange Number of Anti-fraud Storm is the fifth work of the anti-telecom fraud series Anti-fraud Storm. The film is headed by the fictional Honglong Group, the largest fraud group in a city. While using pseudo base stations to send short messages, it implements cast-net fraud and uses the list of poor households in its hands to implement fixed-point fraud.

　Strange number of anti-fraud storm

They implanted Trojan virus in the voice message of WeChat, and as long as the other party opened the voice message, they could withdraw all the money from the online bank associated with the mobile phone.

With the efforts of young actors such as He Minghan, Wang Ruizi, Liu Changde, Zhang Yiluan, Zhao Hongxia, Wu Mingxuan and Wang Wanjuan, the members of the Public Security Bureau’s anti-telecom fraud team finally locked the address of the Red Dragon Group’s lair, and more than 40 members of the Red Dragon Group were arrested.

Strange number of anti-fraud storm

It is the key to prevent all kinds of information from leaking. It is the most important thing not to click on unknown websites or links. Any request is fraud. If you are deceived, you should report it to the public security organ immediately.

The series of films "Anti-Fraud Storm" vividly restored the cause and effect of telecom fraud, as well as the routines and skills of fraud.

Strange number of anti-fraud storm

The behind-the-scenes team of this series of films comes from the first anti-telecom fraud movie in China. The Hong Kong director’s "Huge Call" once popularized the telecom fraud process that the public didn’t know before.

Huge call

The story in "Huge Call" alludes to a series of real-life telecom fraud cases: Xu Yuyu case, "8.25" telecom fraud case, China students’ virtual kidnapping case and so on.

The film revolves around and plays the leader of the telecom crime group, and has a transnational confrontation with the hot-blooded detective. From the intellectual confrontation between swindlers and police, the information war between high-tech to the armed conflict between real swords and real guns, movies are used to restore the reality of fraud in the news.

Stills of "Huge Call"

More and more convenient communication and economic exchanges make this kind of crime everywhere.It was broadcast on the movie channel.Bad callIn the form of black humor comedy, this bad phenomenon of telecom fraud is ridiculed and exposed.

Stills of "Bad Call"

Another film about fraud cracked this "big lie" with a carefully planned plot of "cheating and cheating".

Stills of "The Big Lie"

Every minute, there are large and small fraud cases happening.As Zhou Wei, the director of The Big Lie, said, "We hope that through movies, we can show you how to deal with telecom fraud and strengthen our understanding of fraud and anti-fraud. Burning the brain is not the ultimate goal, so that every audience can be safe and secure is our greatest expectation. "The film and television works with the theme of telecom fraud crime are the works needed in this fast era.

Starting from Monday, December 20th, this week, at 14:00 pm, a series of movies "Anti-Fraud Storm" will be broadcast continuously every day. I hope that the stories told in the movies will help you understand the truth and ways of fraud and enhance your anti-fraud awareness.

There is a special Ming and Qing furniture museum in Shanghai Museum, a considerable part of which is Shanxi furniture.

At the home of a grave robber in shilou county, the reporter saw the funerary objects in the tomb for sale.

　　On December 6th, Qiu Xiaojun, a cultural relic scientist, a member of the National Cultural Relics Appraisal Committee and a famous treasure master, came to Shanxi. After a tour, he said helplessly, "As the hometown of ancient furniture in China, Shanxi can’t find a complete piece of Ming and Qing furniture in its own provincial museum." Before in the United States, he had seen a lot of Shanxi Ming and Qing furniture in a small auction, and there were dozens of such auctions every year. What kind of chain is behind these outflow of Shanxi cultural relics? This year is the third cultural relics survey since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and it is also the largest cultural relics survey. Recently, reporters went to many places to investigate the outflow of cultural relics in Shanxi.

　　Trading "Ghost Goods" in Antique Market

　　Taiyuan suffered a cold snap in early December, but the Nangong Antique Market, which is located next to Taiyuan Workers’ Cultural Palace, seems to have not been affected. At 7 o’clock in the morning on a weekend, there was already a lot of people here. "Is there a pot?" In a corner of the southwest corner of the market, a middle-aged man who stopped to watch for a long time asked in a low voice.

　　The vendor wrapped in sleeves looked up at the middle-aged man and made no noise.

　　Middle-aged people some worry, and whispered a sentence, "’ghost goods’? Pang Fat asked me to come to you and say that you have bronzes. " The vendor’s eyes narrowed, and he looked down at the middle-aged man for a while. He pulled the middle-aged man through the stall and reached the big leather box at his feet. He opened a crack in the trunk and took out an "artifact". When the packages of newspapers and tissues were unfolded, the middle-aged man was shocked. This was a pot-shaped bronze ware. Although the design of the pot body was mottled, he could still quickly judge that it was a bronze ware of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

　　After ten minutes of bargaining, the middle-aged man quickly took out a pile of money from his pocket, stuffed it in the hands of the vendor, wrapped the bronzes he bought in tissue paper and disappeared into the market in a hurry.

　　At first glance, most of the "Nangong Antique Market" are low-value antiques or rough imitations. But why does it attract collectors from all over the country? Kelvin wong (a pseudonym), a middle-aged man who bought the "ghost goods" mentioned above, told reporters that in fact, real collectors don’t look at the stalls, but those are "amateurs". They are interested in "antiques". There are two sources of "antique goods": one is the ancestral things bought by these vendors from the countryside, and the other is "ghost goods".

　　"’ghost goods’, in short, is the cultural relics obtained from grave robbery. These things are generally not shown to people without acquaintances, but they are all good things. " Kelvin wong, who bought the bronze pot, was very excited. He revealed to reporters that when he got it in Beijing, the price of this object could be at least 5-10 times.

　　Kelvin wong, a 43-year-old Beijinger, was originally a lecturer at a university in Beijing, but later resigned to engage in antique business. He has been in several antique markets in Beijing for more than 10 years. Shanxi, he has been here countless times. The reporter found from the license plates of cars parked at the entrance of Nangong Market that there are quite a few visitors from Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong and even Northeast China. According to industry insiders, many collectors come here and aim at the "ghost goods" mentioned above.

　　He made his fortune by buying and selling antiques

　　Pang Fat is a reference of kelvin wong. Introduced by kelvin wong, the reporter met this mysterious figure in a luxury residential area on Binhe East Road in Taiyuan. "Pang Fatty" is not surnamed Pang, because he is called "Pang Er" because of his overweight figure, which was misrepresented as "Pang Fatty" now. He was originally a farmer in Yidie Town, shilou county, and made a fortune after buying and selling antiques in the middle and late 1990s. "Haha, the reporter is here, welcome, I am not afraid of your exposure, I am now a legitimate business." The fat man burst into laughter. "I’m different from those who set up stalls!" " Pang fatty emphasized his "special".

　　What he said is not unreasonable. Now he has real estate in Beijing, Tianjin, Taiyuan and other places. He has been running in Hong Kong or abroad all the year round, and he has already left his stall career. "I am mainly receiving goods now, and the buyers are ready-made. As long as there is goods, I can make money immediately. I could have taken back the goods (referring to the bronze ware that kelvin wong bought in Nangong market) and given it back to him, but kelvin wong was a friend, so he didn’t want to make any money from him, so he had to take it himself. " "Those goods are in the tomb? Will it be a fake? " The reporter has some doubts.

　　"Fake, how can I be mistaken?" Pang Fat was annoyed, but soon he resumed his trademark laugh. "Ha, ha, ha, I’m not a cultural relic expert, but I know more about it than a cultural relic expert."

　　By "meticulous", Pang Fat refers not only to the characteristics of this ancient cultural relic, but also to the fact that he knows exactly where it was dug, which tomb it was dug in, and what else is in the tomb. "This thing was dug in our place (Shilou)," he said bluntly.

　　It makes sense for him to be so confident. Shilou county, now one of the three sites where cultural relics of Yin and Shang Dynasties were unearthed in China, has unearthed a large number of bronzes, and the treasure of the town hall of Shanxi Provincial Museum, the Dragon-shaped Wan, was unearthed here, and Pang Fatty’s home was also here. Today, it is one of the areas with the most serious loss of bronzes in our province.

　　A week later, Pangfatzi went back to Shilou to see "things", and he invited reporters to go with him. "You want to know for yourself, but don’t tell others that you are a reporter."

　　Peasant-style kang collects bronzes

　　After winter, shilou county is particularly deserted.

　　Pang fatty stayed with friends in a village. That night, a group of people came to the house.

　　Judging from their costumes, most of them are local farmers, with shabby clothes and gaunt faces. Everyone is holding a woven bag and putting things on the ground one by one in the dim light of the room.

　　All bronzes! The reporter carefully looked at it. There were swords, pots, cups, ding, chimes, all kinds of instruments, and some of them were still carrying the earth that had not been erased.

　　Pang fatty seriously picked it up. "This one has lost an ear, and it’s of little value … This one is not bad, is there anything else …" The room was filled with the smell of dust. After more than an hour of "appraisal", Pang Fatty picked six bronzes and negotiated the price. The chosen person seemed very happy, and he was close to the fat man, but the person who was not chosen left bitterly. After people were exhausted, Pang Fat said to reporters, "You see, this is what we have here. Many people make a fortune from this!" "Then where did these things come from?" The reporter asked. "Where did it come from? It was given by my ancestors!" Pang fatty laughed. "I’ll take you to see it tomorrow."

　　In the early morning of winter, the village is very quiet. Pang Fat woke up the reporter to go out and walked through a mountain road. Next to a mound on the hillside, the reporter saw a hole.

　　The hole about 1 square meter, looking in, is dark and can’t see anything. "Those things you saw last night came from these places. This is the tomb entrance. Look over there, there is another one."

　　The reporter walked around the hillside and found nearly ten such tombs. "shilou county has always had the story of digging a grave, since when, I couldn’t say for sure. However, since the 1990 s, there have been more people digging graves, first from Henan, and later from Linfen and Houma. " It was from then on that Pang Fatty came into contact with bronzes. He first met a native of Henan, and worked as a guide for that person, making money in 10 yuan one day. Later, he became a "royal guide" for these foreign grave robbers, helping them find graves, contacting vehicles, coordinating relations and so on. A year later, after many grave robberies, Pang Fatso also learned to start digging. He found several friends of the same age and used his own experience and learned grave robbery techniques to dig up many "treasures". "At that time, things were cheap, and a bronze ware with a good appearance was sold in dozens and hundreds. As soon as there were new goods, someone came to collect them, and they were everywhere. No one understands those pottery things, and they will be smashed when they are dug out, that is, they want copper guys. " In less than a year, Pang Fat became a local "ten thousand yuan household". "There are basically no good things now. Most of the tombs here have been stolen, and the rest are all broken." Pang fatty said that many grave robbers he knew had no work to do and began to steal things from the temple or sell stone carvings. "In fact, it is very simple to dig a tomb. Generally, there must be a Feng Shui gentleman. Before people were buried, they all talked about Feng Shui. With Mr. Feng Shui, it is easy to find the pyramid-shaped mound and location; With another guide, you need someone who is familiar with the village to dig in, and what you encounter is easy to solve.Next, several grave diggers divide their work. The tools are very simple-shovels, flashlights, small shovels (Luoyang shovels), and occasionally explosives are used. Generally, from the beginning to the excavation, it takes at most one week. "

　　Cultural relics are so quietly lost.

　　After the promulgation and implementation of the newly revised Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics in 2002, the government intensified its crackdown on illegal and criminal activities such as grave robbery and smuggling of cultural relics. It was at that time that Pang Fatty began to "transform".

　　He told reporters that his "transformation" was not because he was afraid of being caught, but because of an experience in Guangzhou.

　　In 2000, Pangfatzi went to Guangzhou with a batch of "goods" from the same cultural relic vendor, and he learned a new "market": there are many second-hand dealers of cultural relics in Guangzhou and Shenzhen. They took back bronzes from people like Pangfatzi and sold them to Hong Kong in reverse, earning dozens of times as much money as he dug graves.

　　"It’s less risky and more profitable". Pang Fatso began to learn how to "transform": "Smuggling cultural relics is illegal, but it is difficult to obtain evidence. If you want to be convicted, you must first know which tomb this cultural relic was dug up from, and it will be recorded after being stolen. After verification, it can be regarded as stealing and selling cultural relics. But there are so many cultural relics in the tombs, and no one has reported it. No one knows which tomb it is, and there is no way to convict without a master." At that time, Pang Fatty had his own set of "logic".

　　He gradually adapted to the change from grave robbers to cultural relics dealers. At that time, his main destination was Hong Kong. Hongkong is the largest distribution center of China antiques in Asia and the third largest cultural relics trading place in the world. Here, in addition to the China cultural relics auction held regularly by international old auction companies Sotheby’s and Christie’s every year, antique dealers from all over the world including China are gathered. They run hundreds of auction companies, antique shops and cultural relics companies, all of which are China cultural relics. Among these cultural relics in China, the largest proportion is unearthed cultural relics. More importantly, in Hong Kong, the sale of cultural relics is open and legal.

　　Pang Pangzi told reporters about the way to take the cultural relics from the tomb out of the country: at that time, there were many trucks traveling to and from the mainland and Hong Kong, so you could get a mezzanine on the truck and bring out a large number at a time; Or find that kind of handicraft dealer to mix cultural relics with other bronze handicrafts and take them out; The simplest one is the "people’s movement", which is aimed at ordinary residents, vegetable farmers and vendors who travel to and from the mainland and Hong Kong every day. They put small items directly in their bags and go through customs directly. Generally, no one will check them.

　　And he described a "more unique" trick: he would go to Hong Kong to buy what he sold. The reason is that it is legal to buy and sell cultural relics in Hong Kong. Once these smuggled cultural relics are bought in Hong Kong, the invoices are issued and stamped with "Customs Seal" when they are declared to the customs, they can be transformed into legal private property, and stolen cultural relics can be legally auctioned at domestic auctions with high profits.

　　Qiu Xiaojun, a China cultural relic connoisseur who opened an antique shop in Hong Kong, told reporters: This is not the final ownership of these bronzes. A large number of European and American buyers will come to Hong Kong to "choose goods", and then the price will be multiplied several times. Hong Kong has become a distribution center and transit point for cultural relics smuggling. Cultural relics from the mainland arrived in Hong Kong, and then dispersed to the United States, Japan, Southeast Asia and Taiwan, China. At present, there are a large number of bronzes from the mainland in hollywood road in Central Hong Kong and Moro Street in Sheung Wan. There are many categories and types, and quite a few of them come from Shanxi.

　　There is Shanxi Pavilion in foreign museums.

　　The experience like bronzes is not an isolated case in Shanxi cultural relics circle. The experience of Shanxi Ming and Qing furniture is very similar to that of bronzes.

　　Niu Runsheng, deputy secretary-general of Shanxi Collectors Association, told a story about the loss of Ming and Qing furniture in Shanxi in an interview: in the late 1980s, Ming and Qing furniture was sought after in Europe and America. At that time, Shanxi local people from the relevant departments, Ming and Qing furniture has not been listed as protected cultural relics, only that it is practical, at best, handicrafts. At this time, some collectors from Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei flocked. On weekends, the villages in Jinzhong, Shanxi Province are full of foreigners who collect Ming and Qing furniture. "Shanxi has the most Ming and Qing furniture in the country and the best appearance, especially in the Ming Dynasty. I also knew that furniture was a treasure at that time, but at that time, our folk collection power was too small. There was a bed. At that time, 90,000 yuan could be won, but most people couldn’t take it out with this 90,000 yuan. In May of this year, I saw an auction in Britain, which was the bed, and the final price was nearly 3.8 million yuan. " Niu Runsheng said that at that time, no one paid attention to it and no one studied it. Many good furniture was directly shipped overseas as wood on the Tianjin coast.

　　Qiu Xiaojun has been to many museums in the United States. "Many things are more complete than the Shanxi Provincial Museum or the National Museum of China. For example, there is a Shanxi Museum in the Metropolitan Museum of the United States, which has many cultural relics and even a complete Ming and Qing furniture. At first glance, the styles are from Shanxi … Buddha statues, murals, and many cultural and historical certificates of Shanxi also appear in foreign museums."

　　In recent years, with the warming of the domestic collection market, some of Shanxi’s cultural relics have shifted from abroad to China. "Ming and Qing furniture is the most obvious. Five years ago, as long as there is first-hand information, it must be to inform buyers in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei first, because Ma Weidou, a teacher who talked about furniture in Lecture Room, has been to Shanxi many times in that year, and I have also received it. We couldn’t keep it ourselves, so people bought it. " Niu Runsheng said helplessly. In sanxiang town, Zhuhai, it used to be the distribution center of ancient furniture in China. They repackaged the ancient furniture they bought from all over the country and then resold it. Among them, Shanxi furniture accounted for a large proportion.

　　"In recent years, the ancient furniture has not been collected and sold out." In Pingyao, the hometown of Shanxi merchants, a staff member of a cultural relics protection unit told reporters that many of the famous houses in Jinzhong are imitations of southern Ming and Qing furniture.

　　Cultural relics protection needs the concerted efforts of all parties.

　　In shilou county, Luliang City, where more bronzes have been unearthed, cultural relics protection funds are poor. The person in charge of the county cultural relics department told reporters that the specific gap in protection funds will not be determined until the third cultural relics survey is completed at the end of 2011. Now, their budget is only 20 thousand yuan a year. "Compared with the crazy robbery stimulated by huge profits, this money is not worth mentioning, but we are a poor county and really have no money!" The person in charge is very upset. The reporter learned that the local public security department wants to develop "informers" and have prizes to report in order to crack down on grave robbery, but the result of a few bonuses is that few people report cases.

　　Niu Runsheng said that although Shanxi has a large number of collectors and numerous categories, most of them are not refined and belong to miscellaneous categories. The value of cultural relics is not high, the grade of collections is not high, and there are many antique operators, but they lack industry leaders and their cognitive level is limited. He hopes that the rich people in Shanxi, who have recently risen in the collectible market, can pay more attention to the cultural relics with the regional culture of the province and contribute to the protection of cultural relics in Shanxi.

　　Qiu Xiaojun has visited the cultural relics protection in many countries around the world. He thinks that Shanxi might as well learn from some foreign cultural relics protection experiences. Since the country has no ability to ensure that cultural relics are not lost, it will leave some space for private museums and corporate culture museums. In Japan, some large enterprises can collect and exhibit artworks as long-term investments and promote corporate culture. (Liu Bin)

Editor: Li Xingcun

pay close attentionLocomotive network, every nightseventeen past nineminute

JC junTalking about motorcycles with you

Recently,Lifan has released an entry-level flat pedal-R-FOX, although this model is officially called "the fastest city, the mountain."Climbing king ",but it is actually a red fox. The official code of the new car is LF150T-5A.

Compared with the previous generation launched last year, the most important change of the new version of R-FOX is to strengthen the braking system. The new versionThe model is equipped with ABS system. Although it is not standard in the whole system, it can be regarded as keeping up with the pace of the current mainstream pedals.

The engine of the new car is still the single-cylinder water-cooled engine. The peak power and torque are the same as last year. The power of 10kW and 13N·m is quite satisfactory. Compared with some 150 water-cooled pedals represented by performance, it is not outstanding.

However, this time, the official is equipped with a brand-new wear-resistant Pulizhu and upgraded the aluminum alloy thermostat, mainly to improve the ability of this 150 to ride long distances; As for the actual effect, it can only be verified by time.

Other configurations of the new R-FOX are consistent with those of the previous generation, such as UY-style appearance, LED light group of the whole vehicle, LCD instrument, open double front object box and USB charging port; Keyless starting system is only available in CBS and ASB versions.

The new car is listed with two fewer prints than before, and the red, blue, gray and black paints introduced this time have been treated with some new treatments, and the color tone is matte; Hardware parameters such as seat height, fuel tank capacity and wheelbase remain unchanged.

2023 Red Fox R-FOXConfiguration parameters:

Interestingly, Lifan did not announce the price when it launched the new Red Fox R-FOX, but just asked everyone to consult the local dealers. Judging from the starting price of 8980 yuan of the previous generation models,The official retail price of the ABS version increased this time should be around 10 thousand yuan. As for the actual transaction price under the line, it depends on whether the local friends can give it ~

Section 2022:

Section 2023:

　　In August this year, the staff of the education department in Xiangyang, Hubei Province handled the formalities of student-origin credit loan for college students. Photo by Yang Tao (People’s Vision)

　　In September, it is the school season. With a bright dream for the future, many students step into the university gate. Are those college students with financial difficulties in their families worried about tuition fees while enjoying themselves?

　　Ensuring students from poor families to enter school smoothly is the proper meaning to realize educational equity. After years of development, China’s student financial aid system is becoming more and more perfect, and the security is constantly increasing. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the country has sponsored 520 million students in six years, with a total investment of 886.4 billion yuan. What subsidy policies do college students with financial difficulties enjoy? What are the new requirements?

　　The student loan covers a wide range.

　　Encourage commercial banks to actively participate and explore more credit lines and repayment methods.

　　This year, Wang Fei was admitted to Henan Normal University. Since he entered school, he has been excited by the beautiful campus, kind teachers and enterprising atmosphere.

　　Wang Fei’s family is in financial difficulties, but he has never worried about tuition. "When I was in high school, I knew I could apply for a national student loan. As long as you work hard, you won’t miss school. "

　　"The admission notice details the application process for student loans." Wang Fei said that he first filled in his personal information on the National Development Bank’s student loan information network and applied; Then take the application form to the relevant department for seal; Finally, with the notice, ID card, household registration book and other documents, accompanied by parents, you can go to the county-level funding center to handle it. "I applied for a student loan of 4,300 yuan, just enough for tuition and accommodation in the first academic year."

　　"In order to prevent college students from dropping out of school due to family financial difficulties, China has woven a funding network for higher education, forming a multi-subject participation and multi-level funding system." Qu Shaowei, a professor at the School of Law, University of Science and Technology Beijing, said. At present, the state-level funding mainly includes national scholarships, national grants, national student loans, work-study programs and so on. Among them, the national student loan has the advantages of low threshold, low interest rate and convenient application, and has become the most popular choice for college students from poor families.

　　Qu Shaowei introduced that national student loans are divided into student-origin student loans and campus student loans, and most people choose the former. After receiving the letter of admission, college students from poor families can apply to financial institutions such as the China Development Bank, apply at the place where they come from, and enjoy financial discount. This year, CDB continued to expand the coverage area of student-origin student loans, adding 65 districts and counties in Hebei, Fujian and Guangdong, and expanding the coverage area to 2309 districts and counties in 26 provinces.

　　There are a large number of national student loans, and the assistance is great. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, as of August 31 this year, 3.84 million students from poor families have applied for student loans, with a total contract value of 27.5 billion yuan, exceeding the amount of loans issued last year.

　　However, some college students from poor families also encounter new problems when applying for student loans. First of all, for schools and majors with higher fees, the amount of student loans is difficult to meet. Qu Shaowei said: "The tuition fees for private colleges and art majors are generally about 10,000 yuan per year, and the maximum amount of student loans is 8,000 yuan. In addition, the total number of students in student loans is controlled, and students who are at the boundary of difficulties and non-difficulties may not apply. It is more difficult to rely solely on family burdens."

　　Secondly, some students have repayment pressure. Cheng Wei, a student at Henan University of Technology, said that according to the requirements, borrowers should pay off their loans when they graduate. "But most people just work and have no savings, and the burden of repayment falls on their parents."

　　"As an important supplement to national student loans, commercial banks should be encouraged to develop general student loans to meet the more diverse needs of students." He Fei, a senior researcher at the Financial Research Center of the Bank of Communications, said that the student loans of commercial banks can be more flexible in the setting of repayment time and methods, which is different from the current policy banks’ requirement of "repayment immediately after graduation" and can give students who have just stepped into society enough "breathing" time.

　　Student loan products have strong public welfare, low interest rate and even no need for mortgage guarantee. How to improve the enthusiasm of commercial banks? He Fei suggested that in terms of guarantee methods, qualified insurance institutions can be combined to jointly issue commercial student loans based on guaranteed insurance; Cooperate with government departments, with local governments as guarantees, to solve the worries of commercial banks, and even include relatives with stable economic sources in the loan target, so as to reduce the probability of loan default.

　　"It is more important to give full play to the role of the personal credit information system." He Fei said that improving the personal credit information system will help banks to restrain the behavior of lenders, reduce the risk of violations, and encourage banks to explore more student loans with confidence and boldness.

　　Accurate distribution of local subsidies

　　According to the characteristics of the industry, local governments and mass organizations provide targeted assistance, which not only "transfuses blood" for needy families, but also enhances their "hematopoietic" ability.

　　Chen Hu, from Fengle Village, Yindingtu Town, Wuyuan County, Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, felt very proud of her daughter’s university admission notice. Although the family is not rich, my daughter is a success. She scored 633 points in the college entrance examination this year and was admitted to Sichuan University.

　　After the joy, Chen Hu was in trouble. Tuition, living expenses and other expenses add up to a lot. Last year, he diagnosed ampullary carcinoma of duodenum, and the operation cost was more than 150,000 yuan, which made the poor life worse. "But even if you sell iron in a saucepan, you have to let your children go to college." Chen Hu said.

　　There are many poor families in Wuyuan County. Last year, the county accurately identified 3,385 poor families with 6,225 people, some of whom were poor due to their studies. "No matter how poor you are, you can’t be poor dolls. Children can cross the wooden bridge with thousands of troops, but you can’t fall on the tuition fee. We must ensure that they can smoothly enter the university gate." According to the relevant person in charge of Wuyuan County Education Bureau, the county education bureau provides a scholarship of 10,000 yuan/year to college students from poor families who have not joined the subsistence allowance, which is borne by the county finance. The United Front Work Department of the County Party Committee used the "Pan-Ocean Aid Action" of the United Front Work System to subsidize poor families, disabled families or disabled undergraduate and junior college students who set up a file, with a subsidy of 5,000 yuan per person.

　　"The county education bureau grants 10,000 yuan a year, and the education bureau grants 2,000 yuan to the funding center. ‘ Pan-Ocean Aid Action ’ The subsidy is5,000 yuan, and the problem of children’s schooling expenses has been basically solved this year. " Chen Hu, get the bill.

　　All kinds of mass organizations actively participate. Wang Fengyu, from Danling County, Meishan, Sichuan, is a senior at Chengdu University of Technology and is preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination. However, when Wang Fengyu received the admission notice in 2014, the whole family had been worried about tuition fees. Wang Fengyu’s father was paralyzed after a sudden cerebral hemorrhage, and his mother took care of him at home, so his family’s economic situation was stretched. After learning about her family’s situation, the Working Committee of Danling County sent a scholarship of 4,000 yuan in time, and actively contacted education, poverty alleviation and other departments to assist in applying for other aid programs.

　　Qu Shaowei introduced that local subsidies have played an increasingly important role in ensuring the enrollment of college students with difficulties. Education, civil affairs, poverty alleviation, United front and other government departments, as well as mass organizations such as women’s federations, youth league committees, and work committees, raise funds through various channels to provide students with free subsidies.

　　For families with financial difficulties, subsidizing tuition fees is only "blood transfusion", and it is still difficult to bear the cost of follow-up education if they lack the ability of "hematopoiesis". Whether it is government departments or mass organizations, according to the characteristics of the industry, provide more targeted and comprehensive assistance to prevent the second return to poverty. Wuyuan County Poverty Alleviation Office has dynamically adjusted Chen Hu into a poverty-stricken household with a registered card, and designated hospitals in the county pay for hospitalization first, with a reimbursement rate of 90%. 8 ewes were distributed to enhance the ability to increase income steadily. "As long as you work hard, you don’t have to worry about it in the future, and your niece can go to school with peace of mind." Chen Hu said.

　　Qu Shaowei said that there are many sources of local subsidy funds, and the sum of them is relatively large, and there is no need to repay them. Therefore, it is necessary to make the procedures open and help accurately, prevent related households at all levels, and improve the efficiency of the use of subsidy funds.

　　How to ensure that student aid funds help those who really need it? Wen Wenhua, executive director of the Working Committee of Danling County, introduced that first of all, the distribution target should be accurate. By docking with the education and poverty alleviation departments, the Commission has mastered the relevant information of students, and at the same time visited schools and conducted household surveys for verification. Secondly, the distribution procedures are open and transparent, and the list of grants is publicized in time and subject to social supervision. Wuyuan county will combine independent application with the department’s step-by-step check to ensure the accurate distribution of funding. According to reports, the sponsor fills in the application form on the website of the government department and provides ID cards, notices and other documents. Relevant departments jointly review, according to the classification of liberal arts and science, from high score to low score, the best is included in the scope of funding, and timely publicity.

　　Strengthening financial supervision to prevent loan fraud

　　Intensify efforts to crack down on illegal and criminal activities, guide formal financial institutions to make formal financial products, and innovate products and services in a reasonable and orderly manner.

　　In the interview, some college students admitted that although the tuition and accommodation fees are available, the economic pressure is still great. Liu Li of Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics works two jobs in her spare time. "Daily expenses, learning materials, etc. are also counted. I worked as a student assistant in the academic affairs office of the college for two years, and at the same time worked as a part-time teacher in the online classroom of the Confucius Institute. Together, my two jobs earned about 1,500 yuan a month. "

　　"The student assistant position is specially set up for poor students, and the college makes reasonable arrangements according to the course situation. However, online teaching is time-consuming, and it is difficult to take care of it when there are many homework. " Liu Li said.

　　Zhang Mingshen, a graduate student at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, feels the same way. Many students from poor families don’t want to bother their families any more, hoping to bear the tuition alone. However, there are few work-study jobs, and it is difficult to concentrate on their studies because it is time-consuming to find a part-time job in an enterprise.

　　"Some students around us have small loan needs, but all kinds of Internet financial products and campus loans full of routines make us afraid to touch them easily." Zhang Ming said.

　　In recent years, some institutions have engaged in illegal credit activities under the cloak of "internet finance", and some college students have been recruited, which has caused serious physical, mental and property damage, which is regrettable. The financial supervision department suspended online lending institutions to carry out online lending business for college students, and made it clear that institutions established without approval were not allowed to enter the campus to provide credit services, thus curbing the spread of campus loans.

　　"The loan for college students may be the first time in their lives. Many people lack financial knowledge and discernment. The government must crack down on those illegal and criminal acts that exploit loopholes." He Fei said, we will resolutely ban intermediaries that do not have loan qualifications, severely crack down on borrowers who disrupt the market, and achieve effective control from the source of loans. Increase the punishment for illegal acts such as loan fraud and violent collection.

　　Blocking the side door requires opening the main door. Dong Ximiao, a senior researcher at Chongyang Financial Research Institute of Renmin University of China, suggested that formal financial institutions such as commercial banks should actively develop legal and compliant financial products and services in response to the reasonable borrowing needs of students. For example, provide moderate credit cards, consumer loans, business loans and so on.

　　"College students’ credit products must adhere to the principle of small amount and installment, effectively control the total amount of loans of a single subject, and prevent the emergence of multi-head vicious loans. At the same time, it is necessary to simplify the process, optimize the quality of service, and enhance the lending experience of young people. " He Fei said.

　　"The most important thing is to strengthen education and make up for college students ‘ Finance course ’ ‘ Financial management course ’ Guide them to establish a correct concept of consumption. " Dong Ximiao said that banks, universities and students’ families should join hands to carry out various educational activities to enhance the awareness and ability of college students to identify fraud and prevent risks. At the same time, encourage students to develop good consumption habits and put an end to excessive consumption.

　　"No matter what kind of funding, we must not forget to educate people. Cultivate college students’ good moral qualities such as contract spirit, honesty and self-reliance, and encourage them to change their destiny and repay the society through struggle. " Qu Shaowei said. (Wang Hao Zhang Shuangshuang)