CCTV News:According to the WeChat official account news released by Shanghai, in order to strengthen the standardized management of tent campsites and promote the healthy and orderly development of tent camping in Shanghai, the general office of the municipal government recently issued the Measures for the Administration of Tent Campsites in Shanghai (for Trial Implementation). The "Measures" clarify the management requirements of venues with clear business entities, legal operations, public tourism and leisure needs, and capable of providing tent camping services or space, including site selection, site management, safety management, and ecological environment protection. The Measures shall come into force on September 29, 2023 and shall be valid until September 28, 2025. The details are as follows:

　　area of application

　　These Measures are applicable to venues that have clear business entities, are legally operated, meet the needs of mass tourism and leisure, and can provide tent camping services or space.

　　General principle

　　The management of tent campsites in this city follows the general principle of "people-oriented, civilized and ecological, safe and orderly, and integrated development", conforms to the new needs of people’s tourism and leisure experience, takes into account the special needs of the elderly, children and disabled people, expands the supply of high quality, and constantly meets the growing needs of the people for a better life.

　　Site selection

　　The construction of tent campsites shall conform to the requirements of national land space planning and related special planning, use land according to laws and regulations, and shall not occupy permanent basic farmland, cultivated land and wetlands, strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, and shall not change the basic attributes of forest land. Tent campsites should be selected in safe areas, avoiding important or fragile ecological areas, away from forest fire prevention areas, flood control areas, geological disaster-prone areas and wildlife breeding areas. Tent campsites involved in the examination and approval of infrastructure projects and environmental impact assessment should avoid drinking water source protection areas. The construction and operation of tent campsites should not conflict with the scope of river management and dike engineering facilities, and should not have a negative impact on the river environment.

　　Encourage qualified tourist attractions, tourist resorts, rural revitalization demonstration villages, beautiful countryside demonstration villages, rural tourism key villages, country parks, stock construction land, ecological parks around the city, theme parks and open leisure woodlands, etc., and set aside camping and leisure functional areas to provide camping services on the premise of complying with relevant regulations.

　　Site management

　　Tent campsite business entities should be registered in a standardized manner, and camping projects involving food business, sanitation in public places, high-risk sports and other projects that need approval should obtain relevant licenses; We should strictly abide by the relevant laws and regulations on production and operation, clearly mark the price, release the tourist information, and provide true and accurate publicity and marketing information.

　　Tent camp operators or venue providers should provide security and cleaning personnel in the tent camp and strengthen inspections during the peak hours of people flow; According to the space capacity and environmental capacity of the tent campsite, the maximum carrying capacity should be scientifically verified, the tent layout should be rationally planned, and sufficient sanitation facilities such as garbage collection containers and toilets should be equipped to maintain the good sanitation and ecological environment of the camp. Encourage conditional tent campsites to provide convenient services such as parking, shower, domestic water and automatic sales.

　　The business entity or site provider of the tent campsite shall set up signs around the tent campsite and at the main entrances and exits; The tent campsite shall be informed of the space scope, opening hours, activity content, consultation and complaint channels, supervision telephone number of the superior competent department of the venue provider and other related contents, and the information shall be dynamically adjusted and released in time.

　　Management responsibility

　　The main body of tent campsite management bears the main responsibility of the business unit.

　　The site provider where the tent campsite is located shall be responsible for the supervision of site use.

　　The superior competent department of the site provider where the tent campsite is located shall assume the responsibility of the site supervisor.

　　Each district government undertakes the responsibility of territorial management of tent campsites and guides the standardized development of tent campsites in this district. The township governments or sub-district offices are responsible for the daily supervision and management of tent campsites.

　　The Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism is responsible for the formulation, publicity and guidance of management policies for tent campsites in the city.

　　The Municipal Commission of Commerce is responsible for guiding the relevant districts to supervise and manage the establishment of tent campsites within the scope of commercial premises.

　　The Municipal Public Security Bureau is responsible for guiding the relevant areas to do a good job in the public security management of tent campsites, and urging the business entities of tent campsites to implement the requirements of various public security management systems.

　　City Planning and Resources Bureau is responsible for guiding the relevant areas to do a good job in tent campsite planning, and implementing the requirements of land and space use control and cultivated land protection and management.

　　The Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment is responsible for guiding relevant districts to carry out ecological environment supervision on tent campsites within their jurisdiction.

　　The Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee is responsible for guiding all agriculture-related areas to make full use of rural idle resources in accordance with laws and regulations for the development of tent camping-related industries, and strengthening the territorial management of tent campsites in the region.

　　The Municipal Water Affairs Bureau is responsible for guiding relevant districts to carry out water supervision on tent campsites under their jurisdiction.

　　The Municipal Health and Wellness Committee is responsible for guiding relevant districts to carry out hygiene licensing and hygiene supervision in public places involving hygiene licensing within the tent campsite.

　　The Municipal Emergency Bureau is responsible for supervising and guiding the competent departments of tent campsite providers and relevant areas to effectively strengthen the safety management of tent campsites.

　　The Municipal Market Supervision Bureau is responsible for guiding the relevant areas to do a good job in the registration of tent campsite business entities; Guide relevant districts to handle food business licenses according to law and strengthen food safety supervision in the region; Supervise and guide the e-commerce platform to fulfill the obligation of qualification examination for the operating entities of tents and campsites in the platform according to law.

　　Municipal Sports Bureau is responsible for the approval, supervision and guidance of high-risk sports involved in tent campsites.

　　The Municipal Bureau of Greening and City Appearance is responsible for guiding the relevant areas to supervise and manage the establishment of tent campsites in open and leisure forest land; Guide the relevant areas to do a good job in the standardized configuration, regular maintenance and classified collection and transportation management of domestic waste in tent campsites; Guide the relevant areas to do a good job in cleaning the roads around the tent campsite and cleaning the public toilets.

　　City Fire Rescue Corps is responsible for guiding the relevant areas to supervise and manage the daily fire safety of tent campsite operators; Cooperate with the superior competent department and territorial management department of the tent campsite provider to carry out comprehensive management of the tent campsite, and carry out fire safety publicity and education for tent campsite employees; Supervise and inspect the implementation of the main responsibility for fire safety of tent campsites in non-forest grassland fire prevention areas according to law.

　　The Municipal Office of Spiritual Civilization is responsible for guiding the publicity and education related to civilized camping.

　　Platform responsibility

　　E-commerce platform operators should check and register the identity, address, contact information, business license and other information of the tent camp operators who have settled in the platform in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations, and check and update them regularly.

　　social governance

　　The business activities of tent campsites should meet the requirements of urban and rural grassroots social governance, and maintain social friendship and harmony and prevent and avoid disputes under the guidance and supervision of streets, towns and villagers’ committees. Encourage the establishment of tent camping industry autonomous organizations, formulate industry management conventions, and strengthen industry self-management and supervision.

　　safety management

　　Tent campsite operators should be responsible for the safety management of tent campsites, and should formulate safety work systems, strictly implement safety precautions, and strictly abide by the requirements of fire protection, food, sanitation, disaster prevention, gas, electricity, ecological environment protection, wildlife protection, and public health emergencies. Should be equipped with necessary monitoring and early warning, fire fighting facilities and equipment, do a good job in emergency materials reserves, establish relevant emergency plans, strengthen duty on duty, and strengthen emergency drills; We should strengthen safety risk management and control, deepen the investigation and management of hidden dangers in tent campsites, eliminate all kinds of hidden dangers in tent campsites, and resolutely prevent safety accidents. We should strengthen public security management, strengthen on-site crowd monitoring and emergency treatment, and encourage the installation of safety management equipment such as monitoring facilities in tent campsites. If a large-scale mass activity is held in a tent campsite, an application for safety license or filing shall be made in a timely manner in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Tent campsite operators should strictly implement the requirements of forest and grassland fire prevention and control and the regulations on the management of fire use in the field, use fire, electricity, oil and gas safely according to the operating specifications, use large-capacity outdoor mobile power carefully, strengthen the publicity and education on fire prevention for tourists, and clearly inform tourists of the safety requirements of fire, electricity, oil and gas use to prevent gas poisoning and other safety accidents. In the camp where fireworks, bonfires, barbecues and cooking can be set off, the business entity should strengthen the management of open flames, ensure that the open flames are far away from flammable materials, and the whole process of using open flames is watched and people go out, and fire-fighting facilities such as fire extinguishers are equipped in the open flame area.

　　Tent campsite operators should implement the main responsibility of disaster warning and release, and strengthen safety management during flood season and extreme weather. According to the special emergency plan for flood control and typhoon prevention in this Municipality, once the flood control and typhoon prevention level III or above response action is started or yellow and above warning information such as gale and blizzard is released in the area where the camp is located, the camp should be closed immediately and the tourists who have been received should be transferred to safe havens.

　　The main business entity of tent campsite should be equipped with emergency rescue places and equipment matching the scale and type of campsite, and contact the hospital clearly. Employees in tent campsites should participate in emergency rescue training and master corresponding first aid skills.

　　The provider of the site where the tent campsite is located shall sign a special safety production and fire safety management agreement with the tent campsite operator to clarify their respective safety management responsibilities. Outdoor safety guide signs and safety tips should be set up in and around the tent campsite, and the safety management of the awning, the wind rope and the ground nail of the tent should be strict. Conditional camps should manage the awning in different areas. Encourage insurance institutions to innovate and launch camping travel and leisure insurance services, and develop insurance products around site responsibility, facilities and property, personal accidents, etc.

　　ecological environment

　　The domestic sewage in the tent campsite should be discharged up to the standard if it meets the pipe-receiving conditions, and it should be treated by pumping if it does not meet the pipe-receiving conditions. It is forbidden to discharge directly into the environment without treatment. It is forbidden to burn straw, litter and other substances that produce smoke and dust. Encourage the promotion of ovens that use clean energy such as electricity. Camping activities are carried out in drinking water source protection areas, and it is forbidden to barbecue and clean vehicles to discharge pollutants, and it is forbidden to throw away camping garbage at will. To implement the management responsibility system of domestic waste classified delivery, garbage classified collection containers should be equipped, and classified delivery and classified collection should be implemented.

　　The provider of the site where the tent campsite is located and the business entity of the tent campsite should jointly formulate the noise control protocol, and do a good job in the publicity, education and guidance of noise pollution prevention and control for tourists. Visitors who violate the noise control regulations and affect the normal life of surrounding residents should be discouraged by the tent camp operators.

　　The provider of the site where the tent campsite is located shall, according to the growth cycle and characteristics of plants such as green space and lawn that have been opened, implement the site rotation system, reasonably plan the opening and greening management cycle of the tent campsite, and ensure the maintenance of a good ecological environment and landscape.

　　Supervision and law enforcement

　　The relevant functional departments of the city and district shall implement the supervision of tent campsites according to these measures and their own responsibilities, and the township governments and sub-district offices shall regularly organize law enforcement inspections of tent campsites. For illegal construction of tent campsites, tent camping operations, and participation in or spontaneous tent camping, relevant functional departments, township governments and sub-district offices shall investigate and deal with them according to laws and regulations.

　　Industrial integration

　　Encourage tent campsite operators to cooperate with cultural, performing arts, fine arts, education and other related institutions, and combine mass activities such as music festivals, art festivals and sports competitions to enrich the service content. Encourage the combination of camping with rural resources, outdoor sports, nature education, leisure and health, etc., to create quality products. Encourage catering, activity organization, take-away delivery and other services to improve the quality of camping tourism and leisure.

　　Build a brand

　　Encourage tent campsites to implement standards related to campsite construction and service, strengthen the guidance of standards, continuously improve hardware facilities, service quality and management level, optimize product quality, and build a tent campsite brand.

　　Publicity and promotion

　　Encourage all kinds of media to adhere to the correct orientation, establish a healthy and civilized concept of tent camping tourism and leisure consumption, and cultivate the tent camping market. Encourage local conditions, highlight characteristics, organize tent camping activities, establish a typical development model of tent camping, and promote the healthy and orderly development of tent camping.

　　Safe and civilized

　　Visitors who participate in or spontaneously carry out tent camping should choose legal campsites or places, and abide by relevant laws, regulations and rules, and shall not engage in illegal activities.

　　Tourists should be the first person responsible for their own safety in tent camping, abide by the safety management requirements and guidance, and do their own safety precautions.

　　Tourists practice the city’s "new seven noes" norms and cultivate civilized, green and safe camping habits; Abide by the requirements for the management of the space scope of the campsite, and consciously do a good job in maintaining public sanitation, maintaining public order, and standardizing the use of public facilities; Standardize the use of awnings, tent wind ropes, ground nails, etc., and take the initiative to remind surrounding tourists to pay attention to safety; Consciously do a good job in classifying domestic garbage and practice the "no trace camping" travel mode.

　　Policy question and answer

　　1. What is the scope of application of these Measures?

　　These Measures are applicable to venues that have clear business entities, are legally operated, meet the needs of mass tourism and leisure, and can provide tent camping services or space.

　　2. What is a legal and compliant tent campsite?

　　Tent campsites have business licenses, and camping projects involving food business, sanitation in public places, high-risk sports, etc. need approval, and have relevant licenses.

　　Tent campsite operators strictly abide by the relevant laws and regulations related to production and operation, make clear the price tag, publicize the tourist information, and provide true and accurate publicity and marketing information.

　　Tent camp operators should hold legal identity certificates and receive regular training.

　　3. Where is it suitable to provide tent camping service?

　　Conditional tourist attractions, tourist resorts, rural revitalization demonstration villages, beautiful countryside demonstration villages, rural tourism key villages, country parks, stock construction land, eco-park belt around the city, theme parks and open leisure forest land.

　　4. What are the safety management requirements?

　　Tent campsite operators should be responsible for the safety management of tent campsites. They should formulate a safety work system, strictly implement safety precautions, strictly abide by the management requirements of fire protection, food, sanitation, disaster prevention, gas, electricity, ecological environment protection, wildlife protection and public health emergencies, strengthen emergency management, hidden danger management, public security management, and strengthen the safety management and emergency rescue management in flood season and extreme weather.

　　Tent campsite operators should strictly implement the requirements of forest and grassland fire prevention and control and the regulations on the management of outdoor fire, use fire, electricity, oil and gas safely in accordance with the operating norms, use large-capacity outdoor mobile power carefully, and strengthen the publicity and education on fire prevention for citizens and tourists; We should strengthen the management of open flames, ensure that open flames are far away from flammable materials, and people will be watched and put out during the whole process, and fire-fighting facilities such as fire extinguishers should be equipped in the open flame area.

　　The business entity of the tent campsite or the site provider where the tent campsite is located shall set up outdoor safety guide signs and safety tips in and around the tent campsite, and strictly manage the safety of the awning, the wind rope of the tent, the ground nails, etc., and the awning shall be managed by zones in conditional camps.

　　5. What are the ecological environment requirements?

　　The domestic sewage in the tent campsite can be discharged to the standard if it meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, it should be treated by pumping. It is forbidden to discharge it directly to the environment without treatment.

　　It is forbidden to burn straw, litter and other substances that produce smoke and dust. Encourage the promotion of ovens that use clean energy such as electricity.

　　Camping activities in drinking water source protection areas are prohibited, such as barbecue and vehicle cleaning, and it is forbidden to throw away camping garbage at will.

　　Implement the management responsibility system for classified delivery of domestic waste, complete the classified garbage collection containers, and implement classified delivery and classified collection.

　　The site provider where the tent campsite is located and the tent campsite operator should jointly formulate the noise control protocol, do a good job in the publicity, education and guidance of noise pollution prevention and control for camping citizens, and guide camping citizens to sign the noise control protocol and commitment letter. Camping citizens and tourists who violate the noise control regulations and affect the normal life of surrounding residents should be discouraged by tent campsite operators.

　　The provider of the site where the tent campsite is located shall, according to the growth cycle and characteristics of plants such as green space and lawn that have been opened, implement the site rotation system, reasonably plan the opening and greening management cycle of the tent campsite, and ensure the maintenance of a good ecological environment and landscape.

　　6. How to achieve safe and civilized camping?

　　Citizens and tourists who participate in or spontaneously carry out tent camping should choose legal campsites or places, abide by relevant laws, regulations and rules, and shall not engage in illegal activities.

　　Citizen tourists should be the first person responsible for their own safety in tent camping, abide by the safety management requirements and guidance, and do their own safety precautions.

　　Citizen tourists actively practice Shanghai’s "new seven noes" norms, cultivate civilized, green and safe camping habits, and participate in civilized practice volunteer service activities. Abide by the requirements of campsite space scope management, conform to the socialist core values, and consciously do a good job in public environmental sanitation maintenance, public order maintenance, and standardized use of public facilities. Consciously make eye-catching tips such as awning, tent wind rope and ground nail, and take the initiative to remind surrounding tourists to pay attention to safety. Consciously do a good job in sorting and recycling domestic garbage, and actively practice the "no trace camping" travel mode.

On June 10th, a large number of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) groups and their supporters held a grand rally in Tel Aviv, Israel’s most prosperous city. They marched along the main streets of Tel Aviv waving rainbow flags symbolizing minority groups. The "Pride Parade" held in Tel Aviv every summer is one of the most well-known events in Israel. Its scale is famous in the world, and sexual minorities from all over the world come to participate every year. Tel Aviv is one of the most friendly cities to LGBT people in the world. Every year, when the pride parade is held, almost the whole city of Tel Aviv enters carnival activities, and the streets and alleys are filled with rainbow flags.

However, in the holy city of Jerusalem, which is only an hour’s drive from Tel Aviv, its world-famous theme is always religious conflict and conservatism. Jerusalem has the largest orthodox Jewish community in the world, and the voices of sexual minorities are rarely heard. But what most people don’t know is that the "pride parade" has also been going on in Jerusalem for twenty years.

Different from the tolerance and revelry of freedom and openness of sexual orientation shown in Tel Aviv’s parade, the pride parade in Jerusalem is always carried out in protest and shouting. The author participated in the "Pride Parade" in Jerusalem this year, and deeply felt that the theme of this parade was not simply to support LGBT groups, but a struggle between a few Jewish secularists living in Jerusalem, the city known as "Israel’s eternal capital", and left-wing groups.

国旗游行 VS “骄傲游行”

就在特拉维夫“骄傲大游行”举行的十天前，6月2日星期四下午，众多以色列性少数群体，及持性开放态度的自由主义者在西耶路撒冷的自由钟公园（Gan HaPa’amon）集结，他们同样盛装打扮，同样挥舞着各式各样的彩虹旗与标语向耶路撒冷市中心最繁华的乔治王大街与独立公园（Gan HaAtsmaut）进发。

6月2日，耶路撒冷性少数群体的游行队伍。 本文图片均为 作者供图

对特拉维夫这样一座标榜国际化、自由化与世俗主义的现代都市来说，当彩虹旗挂满大街小巷时，标志着特拉维夫进入了狂欢节。同样的符号在耶路撒冷却完全不适用。但耶路撒冷也不甘寂寞，耶路撒冷的狂欢节便是以色列国旗飘扬在耶路撒冷全城之日。每年5月份左右，在耶路撒冷会举行盛大的国旗游行，以纪念1967年第三次中东战争以后以色列从阿拉伯人手中兼并东路撒冷，东西耶路撒冷重新合并为一个城市。理所当然，国旗游行的主题便是宣示以色列对耶路撒冷的主权，以及耶路撒冷是以色列“神圣而不可分割”的首都。

On the day of the national flag parade, the annual mandatory event is that a large number of young Israelis wave the national flag of Israel’s blue and white satellite and flood into Damascus Gate, the Palestinian-inhabited area of Jerusalem, and cross the Muslim area of the old city to reach the Western Wall, the holy place of Judaism. The whole process vented contempt and hatred for the Palestinians. On May 29th this year, a grand flag parade was just held in Jerusalem.

It seems that there are some feelings of singing against the national flag parade. Just five days later, on June 2, the "Pride Parade" followed in Jerusalem. However, unlike the flamboyant style and joyful atmosphere of the national flag parade, the "Pride Parade" appeared tense and angry in the holy city. In order to ensure the safety of the "Pride Parade", the Israeli police blocked all intersections along the parade, and they were guarded by police at intervals. A friend who took part in the parade told me, "I feel that there are more policemen in Jerusalem than people who took part in the parade."

Such a large-scale police protection is due to the fact that in the "pride parade" in Jerusalem in previous years, ultra-orthodox Jews often attacked the "pride" who participated in the parade. They thought that support for homosexuality was not allowed in religion, and these "unclean" people marched in the holy city completely blasphemed God and defiled the holy city. Even the "proud people" who participated in the parade were killed by Jewish orthodox extremists who opposed the parade.

Police on the streets of Jerusalem

Therefore, very different from Tel Aviv, the "Pride Parade" in Jerusalem not only has strict security measures, but also the participants’ emotions are mainly anger, and the slogan also highlights the "equal rights" for sexual minorities.

The slogan most frequently shouted in this parade is "Achad Shtaim Achad Shtaim Ga ‘avah Beyerushalaiim". The implication of this slogan is self-evident, that is, in ordinary times, sexual minorities are not proud in Jerusalem, but live in verbal abuse and personal attacks by various religious groups. Many slogans related to religious issues were also displayed in the procession, such as "Experience the Magic of Creation" and "Chaviv Adam SheNivrah BeTselem". There were also marchers who changed the small round hat (Kippa) worn by Jewish men, one of the symbols of Judaism, into a rainbow color. Obviously, this kind of parade is a protest and demonstration against the religious conservative groups that dominate in Jerusalem. The purpose of the marchers is not only equal rights for sexual minorities, but also the pursuit and maintenance of the secular lifestyle.

A rainbow-colored round hat (Kippa)

It’s not just about the LGBT community

What is even more shocking to the author is that this demonstration shows not only the resistance of secularism and religionism, but also the sympathy for the Palestinians. There are also people in the parade shouting "Enough military occupation!" (Daii LeKibush), "It is illegal to expand settlements!" (Ma’achaz Lo Chuqi) and other slogans of the Israeli left-wing camp. These slogans reflect the affirmative movement pursued by this March, not only for Israel’s sexual minorities, but also for the wider oppressed Palestinians.

These slogans also give us a deeper understanding of this pride parade: that is, different attitudes towards LGBT groups are a microcosm of Israel’s complicated and divided internal politics.

The pride parade in Tel Aviv and Tel Aviv people’s support for the parade not only represent Tel Aviv’s opening and internationalization, but also represent the opposition of secularist groups and left-wing political groups symbolized by Tel Aviv to religious groups and right-wing political groups represented by Jerusalem. Israeli society can also maintain its own pluralism and democracy in such polarization and opposition. In order to vividly describe the extreme division and diversification of Israeli society, some scholars have put forward the concepts of "internationalized Tel Aviv" and "jihadist Jerusalem".

This year’s pride parade in Jerusalem can show the momentum of tit-for-tat with the flag parade, and it is also related to the great changes in Israeli politics.

In June last year, the new Israeli government was established, which ousted former Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his conservative right-wing political and religious ruling Coalition, and formed an "all-political spectrum ruling Coalition" that transcended the ideological dispute between the left and the right. Holovitz, the current Israeli Health Minister, fully demonstrated the political significance of this "Pride Parade". Because Holovitz himself is a homosexual and the leader of the left-wing Jewish party Meretz.

Holovitz’s political party is one of the important members of the current government and controls the Israeli Ministry of Health. At the moment when the epidemic is raging, the first important thing that Holovitz did after he became the Minister of Health was not to target Covid-19, but to approve the inclusion of blood donation of healthy homosexuals in the blood bank. This policy fully shows that one of the aims of Meretz Party is to strive for equal rights for LGBT groups and eliminate discrimination against sexual minorities in Israeli society. What’s more, another aim of the party is to pursue the coexistence of Arabs and Jews and peace between Israel and Palestine.

The sympathy of the "proud people" for the Palestinians has indeed won many Palestinians’ recognition of Israel. Because in Palestinian society, like orthodox Judaism, Islam’s attitude towards sexual minorities is extremely conservative and strict. Therefore, some Palestinian sexual minorities choose to embrace Israel in pursuit of personal freedom and normal life. I once interviewed a Palestinian student studying in Hebrew University. He came from a traditional Muslim family in East Jerusalem. His grandfather was a Palestinian refugee in exile in the Gulf countries, and he was able to return to Jerusalem with his family in the 1990s. However, he abandoned these "proud" identities of many Palestinians and chose to apply for Israeli citizenship. The reason he told is simple: "Because I am a homosexual, I am very sad to live the life I want in the Palestinian community. I prefer the Israeli society because it is more friendly to homosexuals."

It sounds like he can be a "real pride" in Israel. Therefore, it may not be difficult for us to understand the increasing number of Palestinians applying for Israeli citizenship every year released by some Israeli institutions in recent years. These people may not all be LGBT groups, but they are more likely to be individualists who pursue secular life. They may think that in another more diversified and open society, they can have more opportunities to pursue the secular lifestyle they want.

(Liu Bingchen, Ph.D. student, Department of Political Science, Hebrew University, Israel)

　　[Dialogue of Guangming International Forum]

　　Original title:Where does the economic recovery and development after the epidemic come from?

　　The management of "isolated" companies divorced from industrial chain information is extremely unreliable.

　　Lu Lijian: After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, leaders and industry experts in various countries gradually realized the importance of industrial chain management and studied measures to improve the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain. As leading scholars in the field of industrial chain management and digital economy, Professor Federgren and Professor Maglas, can you introduce the development history of industrial chain management from a professional perspective and how to see the impact of the epidemic on the world economy?

　　Lu Lijian: Professor of Business School of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, winner of the Nicholson Award of the International Institute of Operations and Management, and former global vice president of quantitative investment of Goldman Sachs Group.

　　Federgren:Industrial chain management is very popular now, and high-quality enterprises with core competitiveness have a very professional and perfect industrial chain management system. But 20 years ago, this major was almost a niche discipline. Only the analysts and middle managers of the expert team were concerned about the difficult problems in the design and management of the high-efficiency industrial chain, and these problems rarely even appeared in the company’s board of directors or government cabinet meetings. Even similar business administration majors in business schools rarely offer related courses or only a few students are interested in such courses.

　　Awi Federgruen: Charles Professor at Columbia University Business School, head of the Department of Risk Decision-making and Operation Management, and academician of the American Academy of Engineering.

　　Nowadays, this phenomenon has changed dramatically. On the one hand, because of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 epidemic, many countries realized that the key elements of products were seriously inadequate overnight, and the news media kept reporting the serious shortage of medical materials. In addition, the grounding order and factory closures around the world have caused serious deficiencies in other key elements of the product line unrelated to the epidemic. For example, Procter & Gamble, the world’s top 500 company, is a manufacturer of household products such as laundry detergent and toilet paper. More than 9,000 kinds of raw materials needed to produce 17,600 kinds of finished products depend heavily on more than 400 different suppliers in China, and its first-line suppliers in other countries are also facing a shortage of raw materials. The serious shortage of core key production factors like this makes enterprise managers and economic policy makers realize that the traditional "isolated" corporate management mechanism that is divorced from the upstream and downstream information of the industrial chain in which the company is located is extremely unreliable. For the sustainable, healthy and stable development of the economy, we must reshape the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain from the perspective of the industrial chain.

　　According to a survey conducted by the American Supply Chain Management Association at the end of February and the beginning of March 2020, about 75% of the companies reported that the COVID-19 epidemic caused the interruption of their industrial chains, and 44% of the companies did not have any plans to deal with such interruption risks. Among Google’s 2.5 trillion global search keywords throughout the year, the frequency of the word "supply chain" has increased fivefold from early January to mid-April 2020.

　　In fact, industrial chain management, as the core part of the company’s strategy and the core driving force of the company’s profitability, existed long before the COVID-19 outbreak, and will continue to exist in the future. Some industries have been completely changed because of the innovation of industrial chain strategy. For example, Amazon can lead and monopolize the global electronic retail industry, not because it provides better or different products, nor because its price is more competitive than its competitors. Its unprecedented success is only because of its innovation in industrial chain management strategy. For the same reason, Wal-Mart has nearly $517 billion in global revenue. Wal-Mart is by far the largest comprehensive retailer of physical stores and e-commerce in the world.

　　Maglas:The COVID-19 epidemic has brought great loss of life, economic interruption and uncertainty. The global health care system, political system, the ability of relevant institutions to respond to the crisis, and the economic relevance and dependence through the convergence of global industrial chains are facing severe challenges from the epidemic. In addition, the epidemic has aroused great concern about social injustice, especially among some people who have health and economic income crises caused by the epidemic.

　　Costis Maglaras: Dean of Business School of Columbia University and Professor of David and Lynn hilfing.

　　Many of us have been involved in a natural experiment for nearly a year. After the outbreak of the epidemic, many countries implemented the isolation policy of closing cities and homes, and some countries are still studying and working remotely. Although some industries, such as food and agriculture, have not stopped operating during this period and have returned to normal operation to a large extent, a large number of economies related to service industries will continue to work remotely. Such a situation has accelerated the trend that appeared before, and has produced a butterfly effect on urban transportation, working methods, workplace, shopping methods, service methods, reading methods and supply and demand.

　　Lu Lijian: That’s true. The China government has done an excellent job in controlling the epidemic, and the epidemic has been effectively controlled at home. I found that the word "industrial chain" or "supply chain" has a frequency of nearly 100 million in China. The impact of this epidemic on the world economy is extremely great. Taking the United States as an example, the epidemic caused a large number of enterprises to go bankrupt, involving a wide range. The traditional service industries such as transportation, catering, hotels and tourism were the most affected, followed by industrial enterprises, especially manufacturing.

　　The globalization of industrial chain is related to the safe production capacity.

　　Lu Lijian: The industrial chain in the 21st century is closely related to economic globalization. After the outbreak of the epidemic, the media in individual countries hyped the topic of "anti-globalization" and proposed to stop globalization and let manufacturing return to their own countries. Even some politicians in individual countries regarded globalization as a political game and chip. What does Professor Federgren think of the phenomenon of "anti-globalization"?

　　Federgren:A key strategic question is, from the perspective of efficiency and flexibility of industrial chain, does a company need to localize suppliers, or outsource to other countries or regions, or use both internationally? In the past few decades, an obvious practice in the United States or most European countries is to gradually outsource manufacturing to countries and regions where labor and raw materials are cheaper. Recently, we have also seen the momentum contrary to this. For example, between 2000 and 2003, 240,000 manufacturing activities were outsourced to areas outside the United States every year. However, this figure was reduced to 50,000 in 2016. In the same year, 70,000 similar manufacturing activities were brought back to the United States, and the direct impact was to increase and promote job opportunities in the manufacturing industry in the United States. Before the COVID-19 epidemic spread, the new information provided by Bank of America confirmed this phenomenon. In a survey involving 3,000 companies, the researchers found that in 12 global industries with a total market value of more than 22 trillion US dollars, more than 80% companies located in North America, Europe and Asia except China are implementing or announcing plans to move back to the United States from their current regions, which shows that the localization trend does exist.

　　This is a container photographed in Banrang Port Area, Brazil, Singapore on August 17th, 2020. Xinhua news agency

　　So how to explain this trend against globalization? First of all, the company realizes that the selection of suppliers should not only depend on the direct production costs of purchasers, but also take into account the total landing costs of all costs associated with suppliers, including transportation, warehousing and customs costs, as well as the costs needed for safe inventory to meet local needs. The costs associated with these inventories can be enormous, especially when the distance from suppliers to the local area is very long, full of uncertainty and the need to maintain high quality of service. In addition, suppliers usually have capacity constraints, and their capacity varies greatly. Secondly, the increasing risks of the global economy have prompted companies to constantly change their supplier selection decisions and corresponding procurement strategies. In the past 40 years, the cost of production labor in some countries has also been increasing. In the current trade friction, the United States, China and Europe are rapidly changing their trade tariffs, which makes the fluctuation of logistics costs and commodity prices constantly increase. In addition, foreign exchange and interest rates are constantly changing rapidly. All these fluctuations have an important impact on demand, cost and production capacity. Generally speaking, due to sudden supplier closure, quality problems, rational distribution plan and other factors, the theoretical capacity level is very different from the actual production process. Thirdly, due to the limitation of suppliers’ production capacity, it is necessary to purchase from two or more suppliers in a volatile environment.Even what companies are eager for. Of course, the difficulty of the global purchasing strategy of multiple suppliers is how to decide the allocation problem of each supplier and how to dynamically adjust the allocation decision between suppliers by using inventory information. In most cases, enterprises can use contracts similar to the concept of financial options to solve the problem of supplier allocation, that is, enterprises can book or invest in the capacity of suppliers in advance to ensure that they have the corresponding capacity when needed in the future. Similarly, for a multinational company with two or more assembly plants distributed in different regions of the world, and the cost and delivery cycle of these factories to serve customers are different, it faces the same dilemma.

　　This is a 2×660 MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired power station in Paajala, which was filmed in Bodu Acali County, southern Bangladesh on November 11th, 2020. China Machinery Import and Export (Group) Co., Ltd. participated in the investment and construction. Xinhua news agency

　　Lu Lijian: You returned to the objective law of economic development from the dimensions of total economic landing cost, economic risk and production capacity, and expounded the "anti-globalization" that appeared in recent years. Your analysis makes people understand the truth that whether an enterprise implements globalization strategy is determined by the efficiency and flexibility of the industrial chain of its product production. Indeed, the globalization of industrial chain is the objective requirement of the development of social productive forces and the inevitable result of scientific and technological progress. It does not plague economic development as some politicians and media say. Their purpose is to "politicize" the issue of globalization. In your opinion, how to improve the flexibility and competitiveness of the industrial chain in the post-epidemic era?

　　Federgren:In most industrial chain configurations, the volatility level or risk level is the primary driving force for high operating costs. Under the global production and procurement system with multiple suppliers, due to the full and effective sharing of orders and capacity resources among suppliers, the industrial chain system has enhanced its ability to resist risks, thus having higher flexibility and operational efficiency. Therefore, the globalization of industrial chain is an important measure to improve the production capacity with safety guarantee.

　　In addition, we should also consider that the supplier’s channel is in a state of partial or complete interruption during the epidemic. The COVID-19 epidemic has produced a large number of actual cases as described above. However, the problem is not limited to the once-in-a-century COVID-19 epidemic. Other factors, such as the flood disaster in Thailand, the earthquake in Japan, the hurricane similar to Katrina in the United States, local fires and factory pollution, will also cause worldwide production and supply disruptions. In the vaccine manufacturing industry, due to the small number of international suppliers and the frequent long-term closure of production equipment, the problem of insufficient production capacity has always existed. Therefore, the consideration of industrial chain flexibility also provides additional incentives for multi-supplier global supply strategy.

　　In fact, my team’s latest research shows that compared with the procurement strategy of a single supplier, the benefits brought by the procurement strategy of multiple suppliers, even if only two suppliers, are very obvious. Even in an environment with stable cost, stable demand and risk-free production capacity, the benefits of global decentralized procurement are also very significant. Of course, in a volatile market environment, the effect of decentralized global multi-supplier configuration will be more obvious. However, to realize and realize the benefits brought by globalization requires the most advanced industrial chain configuration models and algorithms, and these studies are also the focus of my research team at Columbia University Business School.

　　Lu Lijian: From the perspective of reducing the fluctuation level of the industrial chain, you discussed how to rationally use the procurement decentralization and incentive mechanism in the process of globalization to effectively improve the efficiency of the industrial chain and reduce the fluctuation. From the perspective of historical development, economic globalization has promoted the flow of goods and capital, the progress of science and technology and civilization, and the exchanges between people of various countries, providing a strong impetus for world economic growth. Of course, economic globalization will not be smooth sailing, it is a double-edged sword, and there will be various problems, such as geopolitical risks, high dependence on production links in a certain region caused by high concentration of suppliers, and insufficient response ability to abnormal demand. However, simply blaming the problems that plague the world on economic globalization is neither in line with the facts nor helpful to solve the problems. In the face of opportunities and challenges, it is more important to ease trade frictions, remove barriers to enterprise development, work closely together to cope with all difficulties and challenges, work together to achieve comprehensive economic recovery and healthy development, and advocate formulating strategies according to local conditions to enhance the flexibility and core competitiveness of the industrial chain.

　　Technological innovation is an important driving force for economic recovery and development.

　　Lu Lijian: In recent years, technological innovation including big data technology has developed rapidly and been widely used, playing an increasingly important role. Professor Maglas, please talk about the application of this technology in service and digital economy and its significance to economic development in the post-epidemic era.

　　On October 28, 2020, in Sejong City, South Korea, the staff showed an auxiliary distribution robot that could follow the courier’s movement. Xinhua news agency

　　Maglas:Although the COVID-19 epidemic has caused great losses to the world economy, it has also accelerated technological innovation in many fields, which is an important driving force for economic recovery and development.

　　First of all, in the field of transportation, all kinds of enterprises are trying to overcome the problems encountered in the resumption of production and work caused by the COVID-19 epidemic, set a safe social distance, and formulate detailed rules that people should abide by in the halls, elevators and open office environments of commercial buildings. In the city business center, the problem of employees commuting safely is particularly worrying, because it is a process that relies heavily on the public transportation system. At present, the public health policy requires to reduce the congestion of the transportation system and increase the utilization rate of bicycles. However, this model is not enough to meet the transportation needs of millions of commuters on a large scale, especially for long-distance commuting. For example, in the urban subway transportation system, assuming that the safe distance between people is doubled, for example, from 2 feet to 4 feet, the traffic capacity will be reduced to 75%. This requirement has a particularly serious impact on peak hours. The safe social distance during peak hours is usually close to 1 foot, and the requirement of increasing the social distance to 4 feet will reduce the transportation capacity to only 5%.

　　So how to deal with the extremely shrinking traffic capacity caused by the epidemic? Here, I will focus on analyzing and expounding the principle of demand smoothing in management, that is, the idea of reasonably dispersing demand throughout the time interval. Managing an economic society in a special period of gradual resumption of work and production forces us to rethink the most basic assumption in daily life, that is, most people have the same working hours and need to take the public transport system at the same time every day. This basic assumption can and should be removed, for example, by staggering the working hours in some way. This process of smoothing demand and reducing the load utilization rate during peak hours will greatly reduce the congestion of public transportation systems, road networks and office buildings. For example, assuming that the current system has a 60-minute peak period and a 90-minute busy period every four hours, a simple calculation shows that a subway will improve its transportation capacity by more than 30% and maintain its operation at a utilization rate below 85%. Considering different traffic networks, only the way of smoothing demand will make up for 50% of the loss of traffic capacity caused by the increase of social distance during the epidemic, and increase the traffic capacity in the post-epidemic era by 30%. In addition, it will reduce the congestion delay and total traffic time caused by full subway cars and crowded platforms.

　　The method of demand smoothing is also being applied in the road system, aviation and power network system in the United States. Generally speaking, such smoothing can be achieved through price incentives, such as giving a certain discount on electricity consumption at night, and charging higher fees for driving in special areas during peak hours. However, before shifting to price incentives, we should try to reduce the structural impact of the convergence of daytime working hours on the peak infrastructure load. Car sharing is another feasible solution to traffic congestion. In order to promote the use of shared cars, we need to invest in the optimization of technical schemes such as scheduling and pricing mechanism. At present, many difficult problems in the field of shared cars will lead to more in-depth thinking and guide a large number of sustainable technological innovations.

　　The second area is telecommuting. After the outbreak, almost all employees switched to telecommuting overnight, which greatly affected the service industry and my higher education. Many people are studying such a topic: to what extent the emergence of telecommuting will be a long-term trend, and what kind of science and technology and management tools can be used to create an inclusive, innovative and dynamic organic culture. Although telecommuting has achieved great success during the epidemic, it is still uncertain whether this method can be successful for a long time. In the current environment, telecommuting is facing great difficulties and challenges. For example, it is very complicated to hire and train new employees, and the process of innovation requires intense and purposeful joint research and development, which are difficult to achieve by telecommuting; Corporate culture is also difficult to maintain and evolve through telecommuting, and personal relationship networks usually rely on spontaneous and informal communication — — It is almost impossible for "cold water communication" in remote mode to replace it. Most people may rely on scientific and technological tools for projects, documents and other work, or work together through online meetings, but these tools can’t solve the problems and challenges in interpersonal communication mentioned above.

　　In order to fill this defect of telecommuting and cope with the current epidemic crisis, many very meaningful innovations are currently under way. For example, some innovative works combine the virtual network and virtual reality technology that are currently being created. A large part of this work draws on the knowledge and technology of online game industry. It is a very necessary measure to improve our ability to maintain close relationship and virtual communication. In addition, how to fully combine offline communication to achieve the best results also requires in-depth thinking and guidance from team and project management.

　　Finally, innovation also plays an important role in the recovery of other service industries. Education has been transformed during the epidemic, and the experience we have quickly explored and learned will continue to play a role. The scientific and technological tools of distance learning will allow scientific research institutions to provide online and offline hybrid teaching methods, focusing on interpersonal interaction activities that can be most beneficial to students’ learning, and enhancing the value of the educational projects we provide. In addition, we can quickly get familiar with and use distance education tools, and then improve the education level in remote and poor areas lacking teachers or professional educators.

　　In a word, the epidemic has brought about great changes in many aspects of our economy, forcing us to rethink and rethink many aspects and habits of life. This process is subversive, but it will continue to lead long-term innovation and changes to our global economy.

　　Lu Lijian: You discussed the important role of technological innovation in economy. Search, socialization, payment and entertainment constitute the infrastructure of the online world, and the digital and intelligent upgrading of the industrial chain is also the infrastructure for building the future data productivity era. After adopting digital technology, industrial chain enterprises are not only an individual in the economic sense, but also a source of data production, and these industrial chain data are of extraordinary significance for Industry 4.0, intelligent manufacturing and the possible AI+ manufacturing revolution in the future. In the post-epidemic era, technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence and blockchain will play a more important role in the industrial chain. First of all, through the decentralized, open, autonomous, anonymous and tamper-proof characteristics of blockchain, problems such as data leakage, theft of sensitive information and geopolitical interference have been effectively solved. Secondly, because data can objectively reflect the truth and development law, rich and comprehensive data greatly improve the geographical limitations in the process of traditional globalization, increase the efficiency of information communication and accurately trace the source of problems. This kind of big data technology helps to reduce the cost and obstacles of information communication in the industrial chain and greatly improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the industrial chain. In the future digital era, whoever has the most comprehensive data volume and has mastered intelligent technologies related to big data processing and business analysis will have the core competitiveness of this market.

　　Guangming Daily (January 23, 2021, 08 edition)

[Compile/Observer Network Guo Han]

An independent organization in the United States that monitors media news reports found that although street demonstrations occurred frequently around the world this year, the mainstream media in the United States "took extra care" of Hong Kong and spared no effort to favor the demonstrators and ignore the violence they created.

On December 6th, an American non-profit organization named FAIR revealed that compared with other countries and regions, the mainstream media in the United States used a disproportionate amount of space to report the demonstrations in Hong Kong.

Screenshot of FAIR website "When people all over the world take to the streets, the (American) media only pay attention to Hong Kong"

The organization was founded in 1986, headquartered in new york, with a left-wing position. Its goal is to supervise the accuracy, bias and audit of American media reports, and call for the split of large media companies.

The article believes that these media companies build a stereotype by reporting a lot and covering up the shady details of the demonstrators, that is, "a group of Hong Kong people who are democratic are fighting Beijing for freedom."

Therefore, this paper counts the number of times that The New York Times and CNN reported street demonstrations in Hong Kong, China, Ecuador, Haiti and Chile. These two media are chosen because they are the most representative and good at setting the agenda in print and TV media.

Since the start time of protests in different countries and regions is different, it ends on November 22, 2019 statistically. The reporting time on Hong Kong lasted for eight months, from October when protests broke out in Ecuador and Chile to July last year in Haiti.

As far as the total number is concerned, the two media reported 737 articles on Hong Kong (325 in New Times and 412 in CNN), 12 in Ecuador, 28 in Haiti and 36 in Chile. The number of reports on Hong Kong is nearly 10 times that of other topics.

The New York Times and CNN reported on the demonstrations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region far more than the screenshots of other countries and regions:FAIR

Although the duration of demonstrations in different regions is different, it is impossible to generalize, but comparing the reports in the same period can still support this conclusion.

For example, October 3-14 is the most intense period of street protests in Ecuador. During the period,"New Time" only published 6 related reports, and CNN3 articles; However, the two media reported 33 and 38 articles on Hong Kong respectively in the same period.

Since the demonstration broke out in Chile on October 4,New Time and CNN reported 14 times and 22 times respectively; In the same period, there were 59 and 92 reports on Hong Kong respectively.

It must be pointed out that many reports on the demonstrations in the above three countries are classified as "protests around the world", and sometimes only one or two sentences are mentioned in each article. CNN has only two special reports on Ecuador, and half of its reports on Haiti are concerned about the impact of demonstrations on American citizens.

But when it comes to Hong Kong, most of them are long exclusive reports. This has not included articles such as demonstrations affecting Asian stock markets.

New york’s report on street demonstrations in Chile with photo: Reuters

On the other hand, the difference in the number of reports between Hong Kong and the other three countries is so obvious that it cannot be understood according to the scale of the protests or the degree of the means of maintaining stability by powerful departments.

For example, a week after the demonstration, eight people have died in Ecuador. The United Nations has confirmed that 42 people have been killed in protests in Haiti in the past two months. Chilean right-wing President Piniella simply sent tanks to the streets, and the military arrested more than 26,000 people, during which 26 people died.

In contrast, no one died because of the law enforcement of the Hong Kong police. Over the past six months, a student accidentally fell off the building, and another 70-year-old cleaner, Rob, was hit by a stone from a demonstrator and died unfortunately.

When reporting on Hong Kong, the language of the two media is also very "Be particularThe negative words used to describe demonstrators in Ecuador, Haiti and Chile are rarely used in Hong Kong. And we should highlight the so-called "democratic" characteristics of the latter and ignore its violent behavior.

For example, CNN reported on August 30 and October 15, and New Times reported on October 15 and November 21, all of them described the thugs who created violence and destruction on the streets of Hong Kong as "pro-democracy demonstrators".

However, street demonstrators in Chile who have similar behaviors have become "robbery and arson" and "riots" in the mouth of the two media. "Violent demonstrations swept through Quito (the capital of Ecuador) … The demonstrators took military members hostage."

Screenshot The New York Times

The article points out that even if it is actually very appropriate, such words are rarely used in Hong Kong’s demonstrators. Apart from causing damage, they even lit gasoline on a dissident citizen in broad daylight, leaving him in a coma for 10 days.

In a report on November 17th, The New York Times used a passive tone to lightly describe that a police officer was shot in the leg by a mob bow and arrow, and did not forget to emphasize that "the demonstrators were’ resisting’ the police attack’".

Even after reporting that mobs made and intended to use "hundreds of incendiary bombs", the newspaper still called them "pro-democracy activists" in the article.

On October 17, CNN also announced a gas tank-sized mob homemade bomb, and got news that they planned to attack the police with it. The shape of this bomb is very similar to the bomb used in the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013.

The article questioned whether CNN and New Times would continue to call them "pro-democracy activists" if members of organizations such as "Black Life Expensive" and "Antifa" used such bombs to attack the police.

This article is an exclusive manuscript of Observer. It cannot be reproduced without authorization.

　　Recently, the news that the first China Mahjong Open will be held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province triggered a heated discussion among netizens. The Beijing Youth Daily reporter noted that the Hangzhou Branch of the Chinese Chess Institute recently announced that it planned to hold the "First Chinese Mahjong Open" in Hangzhou from March 24 to March 26.

　　According to reports, there are two official competitions of Sichuan Mahjong, National Mahjong and a promotion project of Hangzhou Mahjong 2V2. The total prize money of the competition reached 1 million yuan, of which the prize money of Sichuan Mahjong Champion was as high as 200,000 yuan. As long as you are a contestant, there is a minimum bonus of 2000 yuan.

　　game

　　Adopt multi-round integration system

　　The reporter of Beijing Youth Daily contacted Lu Xing, director of the Mahjong Competition Training Center of Hangzhou Branch of China Chess Institute. He introduced that Sichuan Mahjong and National Mahjong are official mahjong competitions recognized by the International Mahjong Union, with very mature competition rules and a large number of penalty cases, which are the best choices for holding competitions at this stage. The national standard mahjong has many types, many changes and great difficulties, while Sichuan mahjong has a good mass base and is the mahjong project with the most fans in the world.

　　Lu Xing said that the first China Mahjong Open will be conducted by multiple rounds of points system. In this way, the factor of luck can be minimized as much as possible.

　　According to the regulations of the competition, if a player participates in this competition, he/she must first register as a mahjong player in the relevant WeChat applet, and obtain 6 amateur segments online according to the guidance before he/she is eligible to sign up for the "Professional Segment Finalization Competition" held in Beijing, Chengdu and Hangzhou in March. Only after promotion can you qualify for the "China Mahjong Open". Lu Xing said that the stage system of mahjong basically refers to the stage system of Go, and players can achieve promotion by competing with other players in the same stage.

　　Lu Xing said that after the Open, the game will be broadcast to the public through live broadcast, and the public can learn more about it by paying attention to the related WeChat WeChat official account of Hangzhou Branch of China Chess Institute.

　　A netizen who participated in the online examination of the segment mentioned by Hangzhou Branch of Chinese Chess Institute told Beiqing Daily that it was less difficult to become an amateur segment at first. "When you answer some questions online for a while, you can become an amateur segment by reaching the standard. From the second stage, it will be carried out by means of mahjong competition. Generally, it will be played for more than ten rounds first, and then the points will be calculated to decide whether to upgrade. It is not easy to upgrade. "

　　Champion experience

　　The most important thing is psychological quality.

　　Xie Jin, from Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, has participated in the national mahjong competition many times before. He said that he is planning to participate in the China Mahjong Open to be held in Hangzhou. Xie Qin introduced that compared with other types of mahjong, the national standard mahjong pays great attention to the card type. "For example, there is a fixed score for all colors, and there is another score for Menqing. In the end, you will calculate how many points your card type is worth, similar to the scoring competition."

　　Wang Xiangnong, who won the national mahjong championship at the World Mahjong Games, also told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that he was still a little nervous when he first participated in the mahjong competition. "Sometimes I have to improvise, but it has been 17 years since I played in 2005. I am used to it. I think the most important thing in the competition is psychological quality, which is the same for both mahjong players and athletes in other sports. "

　　"China is the birthplace of mahjong, but in contrast, Chinese mahjong is a bit green and yellow." Wang Xiangnong said that the participants of some mahjong sports associations are basically old people in their sixties and seventies, and their relatively young strength is limited. Xie Qin also admitted that although China began to promote mahjong very early, many young people were not used to it because of the points rules of national mahjong. "This promotion of mahjong competition through the Internet may attract more young people."

　　Respond to questions

　　The first premise of mahjong is not gambling.

　　In response to the concern of some netizens about whether the spread of mahjong will lead to gambling, Wang Xiangnong said that the first premise of mahjong is not to gamble, not to stay up late, and to be healthy. "The competition uses a score table to calculate who wins and who loses. We promote Chinese mahjong and remind everyone to resist gambling."

　　Wang Xiangnong said that many people will link mahjong with gambling. "But in fact, it is not mahjong but people who gamble. If you want to gamble, you can gamble with playing cards or anything. The key to gambling is people’s moral character, and you should not blame mahjong. "

　　For example, Wang Xiangnong said that for gamblers, mahjong is a must to "draw cards" and win money, but for mahjong players, it is necessary to calculate how actions are more beneficial to them, and sometimes even deliberately put others "draw cards", which can guarantee their scores. "This is the difference between sports and gambling. Whether mahjong or any other sport, excluding the interests of money is a healthy sport." Text/reporter Qu Chang Intern Yang Tongyu

　　[Global Times reporter Pan Xiaotong] According to Agence France-Presse reported on the 12th, Brazilian President Lula said that anti-government mobs who stormed the presidential palace and other government agencies may have received help from the inside. The British "Guardian" said on the 12th that Lula suspected that the staff who supported former President Bossonaro helped mobs enter the presidential palace, and said that the presidential palace was "full of Bossonaro supporters".

　　According to Brazilian media reports on the 12th, Lula said on the same day that many people in the armed forces were accomplices, and some people in the military and police colluded with the rebels. "I’m sure someone opened the door of the presidential palace for the rebels because the door was not destroyed.". Lula said that the incident would be thoroughly investigated, and that anyone suspected to be a core supporter of Bolsonaro could not stay in the presidential palace. "How can I let a person who might shoot me stand at the door of my office?" Agence France-Presse reported on the 12th that Lula once again criticized the army for not taking any measures to stop the sabotage by Bolsonaro supporters and not playing its due role in "easing the situation" in this riot.

　　On the 8th of this month, more than 100 buses carrying demonstrators arrived in the capital Brasilia. Thousands of supporters of Bossonaro forcibly broke into the Capitol, the Federal Supreme Court and the Presidential Palace, and clashed with the military and police. Lula accused Bolsonaro of using social media to incite supporters, which denied this.

　　According to a report by Brazil’s Global Television and Sao Paulo newspaper on the 12th, the law enforcement department found a memorandum in the home of andersson Torres, the dismissed head of public security in Brasilia, which suggested that Bolsonaro should defend around the High Electoral Court to overturn the election results. Torres responded on social media later that day that the memorandum was one of the many proposals received by the Ministry of Justice and should have been "smashed in due course" with other documents. According to him, this memo exposed by the media "contributed to the false description of him" and he "has a clear conscience". On Tuesday, Brazil’s Supreme Court issued an arrest warrant against Torres, accusing him of being behind the attack on Brazil’s state power.

Among the Detroit mutineers, there are two key points to take the route of Marcus’ violent struggle. One is that TV stations should try to kill people, and in demonstrations, they should choose to fight back instead of staying where they are.

First, Marcus violent resistance route

1. The Marcus line runs through the whole story, and it is the story line that has the most direct contact with human beings. At the same time, the choice of Marcus line directly determines the life and death of Miss kara to a certain extent, so the Marcus line is given priority. In a word, both violent revolution and peaceful protest can trigger a relatively perfect HE.

2. The data related to the Marcus Line are: 1. Public opinion (the most important index of the peaceful protest line); 2. Goodwill with the residents of Yelugo (North conflicts with another black brother, and one main battle is a main peace. Choosing relevant options will enhance the goodwill of one party and reduce the goodwill of the other); 3. The prestige index in Yeluge has little connection with the ending practice, and will naturally improve with the development of the plot.

3. The first two chapters have no obvious focus (whether Carl’s various options, such as what painting to draw, can affect the subsequent plot remains to be verified). In the third act, Leo came home to steal something, and what tone he used to persuade Leo had no obvious influence; Whether to strike back or not, you can survive in Jeancard by choosing to strike back, and Marcus can also see dying Carl when the revolution starts later (recommended choice); If you don’t fight back, Leo will kill Carl and frame Marcus.

4. In the next scene, the body is reorganized in the garbage dump, and two similar branches can be unlocked by choosing to kill or not to kill; Look for options that have no obvious influence in the Yeluge chapter; In the dialogue with residents in Yelugo and with Nos, choosing [Your Business] will reduce the goodwill, but Nos’s goodwill is very easy to brush. From the story of going to the factory, two branches have emerged: those who choose the violent revolutionary line will give up the unnecessary Notre Dame to a certain extent, and those who should be killed will be killed.

5. At the same time, the main battle option will add the goodwill of Knox. On the contrary, you can add the goodwill of the black brother. When encountering guards, choose to hide with bionic people to avoid being discovered by guards; Choosing to kill can kill the guard. Follow-up guards bionic man proposed stealing trucks, and successfully stealing trucks can greatly enhance the status in Yeluge.

Second, the key story [TV]

1, TV article Marcus’s choice will directly determine the extent of public opinion promotion, and at the same time affect Simon’s life and death, Simon’s life and death will affect Connor’s method of finding Yeluge’s position (this game is really interlocking); There is no key option in the early stage. Before invading the TV station: keep Simon: cheat two guards and kill the TV station staff who ran out at the same time. Either of the two options is wrong and Simon will die.

2. Violent resistance route: Killing or not depends on whether you want Simon to live or not. The level of public opinion on the armed resistance route has nothing to do with you. In the subsequent TV announcement, [cutting land] suggested choosing, otherwise it always feels that this uprising is not enough.

3, rob the mold control life: follow the prompts in the early stage to turn off the monitoring in turn, eliminate the drone, and drive out the truck. After waking up the bionic man in the shop, the choice of peaceful or violent announcement will affect the level of public opinion: those who take the violent protest route: do whatever they want, but here I suggest not to blindly destroy it, which is no different from bandits. Declaring in a non-violent way can also enter the violent protest route. Bionics announced their resistance through TV!

Third, the key story [free demonstration]

At first, the dialogue with Norse will affect the goodwill with Norse; Later, when the procession starts and encounters police, choose [Stay where you are]. If there is no wanton beating, smashing, looting and burning before, the public opinion index will skyrocket to [sympathy], and those who take the peaceful protest route must stay where you are. Those who take the route of violent resistance can choose freely. According to qnm’s public opinion, just because we love peace does not mean that we will be killed by the neck, and it is time to fight back.

Magnolia in early spring exudes a rich fragrance, and Lushan Mountain, which has been raining for several days, suddenly turns warm and sunny. Many senior monks and great masters gathered at the foot of Lushan Mountain to cherish the memory of well-known religious patriots, outstanding Buddhist leaders in China, respected contemporary famous senior monks, the former honorary president of the Chinese Buddhist Association, honorary dean of the China Buddhist College, retired Torinji of Lushan Mountain, and the elder Yuan Chuanyin, the seat of Beijing Fayuan Temple.

At 14: 00 p.m. on March 26th, 2024, the anniversary of the death of the Chuanyin elder was held in Taibai Hall, the third floor of Yilu Pavilion, Tang Taizong Hotel, Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province.

Master Ming Hai, resident vice president of Chinese Buddhist Association and executive vice president of China Buddhist College, Lin Jianwei, second-class inspector of Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Ethnic and Religious Affairs, Master Chun Yi, vice president of Chinese Buddhist Association and honorary president of Jiangxi Buddhist Association, deputy secretary general of Chinese Buddhist Association, legislator Yang, deputy secretary general of Jiangxi Buddhist Association, Master Chun Wen, vice president of Jiangxi Buddhist Association, Master Tong Neng, Vice President of Jiangxi Buddhist Association and President of Xinyu Buddhist Association, Yu Zhi, Third-level Investigator of United Front Work Department of Jiujiang Municipal Committee, Zhou Jie, Standing Committee Member of Lushan Municipal Committee and Minister of United Front Work Department, Mei Chongjun, Secretary General of Jiangxi Buddhist Association, Master Xing Miao, President of Dalian Buddhist Association in Liaoning Province, Master Xuan Yi, President of Lvliang Buddhist Association in Shanxi Province, Honorary President of Jiangxi Buddhist Association and Master Da ‘an, Abbot of Lushan Torinji, and other leaders and guests attended the commemorative meeting. Also attending the commemorative meeting were Torinji Zuting and Pure Land Garden, as well as masters, methods, precepts and students from all over the country, and nearly 1,000 people, such as Master Zhushande and dharma-protecting lay people, who had deep ties with the tradition. The commemorative meeting was presided over by Master De Shou of Lushan Torinji Prison.

At the first item of the anniversary meeting, everyone stood up and sang the national anthem.

Master Ming Hai, Vice President of Chinese Buddhist Association and Executive Vice President of China Buddhist College, delivered a speech. He said that the elder Chuanyin is a shining example of Buddhism’s patriotism and love of religion, and he adheres to the family’s faith and ethics and the fine tradition of Buddhism. He has experienced loneliness and prosperity, suffering and glory, and he has never changed his true colors, and he has never forgotten his ambition of altruism. When the lead is washed away, he will return to the original, and the last one will predict the time and live freely. It is a model of noble monks and great virtues, which deserves our experience and study. He returned to the pure land and advocated Buddhism, but he also traveled to the sea of mind and law, extensively studied various schools, and was not confined to the portal. He avoided fame and fortune, but was loyal to the leader, Monk Lun. He was deeply divorced from life and death, and was deeply worried about the teaching of Buddhism. He treated people like a spring breeze, cordial and frank. In today’s comprehensive and strict management of religion, his pure monk style is beneficial to him and deserves our admiration and study. The virtue of the elder Chuanyin is not only the precious spiritual wealth of the four disciples of Buddhism, but also the moral resources shared by the whole society. He is the epitome and representative of countless eminent monks and great virtues who have created excellent Chinese traditional culture in the history of China Buddhism for more than 2,000 years. It is hoped that with the support of the Party and the government at all levels and under the leadership of Master Da ‘an, the Jingzong Zuting, which promoted the revival before its death, will prosper and make new and greater contributions to the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation.

Lin Jianwei, the second inspector of Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Ethnic and Religious Affairs, said in his speech that the elder Chuanyin has always loved his country and religion all his life, worked with the party and the government with one heart and one mind, practiced the concept of human Buddhism, and devoted his life to the healthy inheritance of Buddhism in China and made important contributions. The best memory is to let the good words and deeds of the elders of Chuanyin inspire their successors in the Buddhist cause, and become a positive driving force for the healthy and orderly development of fine traditions in the Buddhist circles of Jiangxi and even the whole country. I hope that the vast number of Buddhists in the province will inherit the will of the elders, learn from their excellent qualities of patriotism, diligence and altruism, continue to carry forward the fine traditions of Buddhism, adhere to comprehensive and strict teaching, and further promote the Buddhist China in China. Unswervingly follow the road of adapting to the socialist society, lead the vast number of Buddhist believers to work with the people of the whole province to make new and greater contributions to writing a Chinese-style modern Jiangxi chapter.

Master Chun Yi, vice president of the Chinese Buddhist Association and honorary president of the Jiangxi Buddhist Association, said that the elder Chuanyin is the leader of Buddhism in China, and he is an ordinary person who has made extraordinary achievements, and his vivid image will live in our hearts forever. The elder is also a respected teacher, who speaks silently, teaches by example, and reveals his compassion and wisdom everywhere, so that we can learn the wisdom and dew of Buddhism from him. The elder is also a bodhisattva who has changed the world. He does not seek happiness for himself, but hopes that all beings will get rid of suffering. The elder is also a scholar, whose works are equal and diligent, leaving us with many magic weapons of writing, which we can study all our lives. The elder is a Buddhist leader. As the president, he led the Buddhist circles in China, displayed the ideas of China Buddhism on the world Buddhist stage, and established a good image of China Buddhism. He is also committed to the cause of peace and human progress, and is our forever respected mentor. We should cherish our good marriage with the elders in this life.

Yang, deputy secretary-general of the Chinese Buddhist Association and president of the Jiangxi Buddhist Association, said that Shui Yue had no trouble to prove it, and he was born in a dream. We are here to commemorate the life of the elder’s lotus, to remember the elder’s deep prestige and virtue, and to wish you all the best. Pilu is a sea, but the teacher holds the lamp. The spirit of the elders, only the bodhisattva is willing to do it; The belief of the elders, only the pure land is willing to do it; The mind of the elders, but I don’t want to do it; The spirit of the elders is fearless and willing to do it. The stone spring will ring, and the sea will be endless; Outside the porch, the spring branches are flourishing. I hope we can put our hearts into it, practice our actions, encourage others, and be deeply impressed.

Yu Zhi, a third-level researcher of the United Front Work Department of Jiujiang Municipal Committee, said in his speech that the elders of Chuanyin have lofty moral character and spiritual demeanor, and have a deep relationship with Jiujiang. The elders attach great importance to the cultivation and growth of monks, carry forward Torinji’s thousand-year-old family style of observing precepts and chanting Buddha, and promote the revival of the lotus ancestral hall. Today, with the continuous efforts of the three generations of abbots of Guoyi, Chuanyin and Master Da’ an, Torinji in Lushan has established a unique pure land Sect culture as its core characteristic. The best memorial to the elders of Chuanyin is to learn, inherit and carry forward their political consciousness of loving the party, patriotism and socialism, their enduring pure faith, their selfless and altruistic bodhisattva’s willingness to do things, their self-discipline spirit of adhering to the precepts and chanting Buddha’s words, their self-discipline spirit of setting an example, their true nature of not wanting to be satisfied, and their fearless spirit of breaking evil and showing righteousness.

Master Xing Miao, the representative of the elder disciples and the president of Dalian Buddhist Association in Liaoning Province, said that the world is a law of karma and also a law of birth and death. We have to face the fact that the elder has left us for a whole year. Seeing the earth-shaking changes of the ancestral home, seeing the giant Buddha from scratch, every building embodies the painstaking efforts of the mentor and Master Da ‘an everywhere. It is the elders who have made the Zuting, the Giant Buddha and the Da ‘an monk. This is the teacher’s silent entrustment and order to his disciples, so that these disciples, methods, students and monks who are distributed all over the country should support the Zuting and admire the Giant Buddha. Only in this way can we live up to the teacher’s high hopes and make the Zuting’s practice great.

Finally, Master Da ‘an, honorary president of Jiangxi Buddhist Association and abbot of Lushan Torinji, delivered a speech on behalf of Torinji. First of all, Master Da ‘an thanked all the elders from various mountains and Master Dade for coming to attend the memorial meeting of the death anniversary of the elders who passed away. Everyone could come, which also shows that there is a deep legal relationship with the elders. The Master put forward the idea and proposal of setting up a research society for the elders of Chuanyin, based on the suggestions of the senior brothers of Chuanlao Sect. Master Da ‘an said that the hardships experienced by the elder Chuanyin in his life are just like the spirit of Mencius that "Heaven will descend to Sri Lanka, and he must first suffer from his mind". Chuanyin is a violet flower that grows out of suffering. His experiences and qualities are worth studying and learning. I hope more people who have a relationship with Chuanyin will participate. Handing down the old is not only Torinji’s, but also shared by the public. The virtue and cultivation of handing down the old are scarce resources in this era. Facing this era of high materialism and utilitarianism, it is necessary to balance the spirit of handing down the old. Welcome everyone to participate in the excavation, research and study of the idea of inheriting the virtues of the old, so that the excellent spiritual quality of inheriting the old can become a valuable asset of social spiritual civilization.

Later, Master Minghai presented Master Yan Jue, president of the Chinese Buddhist Association, with the inscription "May the sorrow be great and deep" to mark the anniversary of the silence of the Chuanyin elders. This was an admiration and affirmation of the life of Chuanyin elders. On behalf of Torinji, Master Da ‘an accepted the compassion calligraphy of Master Yan Jue.

At 15: 30, the commemorative meeting of the death anniversary of the Chuanyin elders was held in three venues: Zimei Hall, Moshu Hall and Haoran Hall on the second floor of Yilu Pavilion. The first venue was presided over by Master Miao An, vice president of Jiangxi Buddhist Association, and Master Da An, abbot of Torinji in Lushan Mountain, accompanied the elders of various mountains and had a discussion with Dade Bhikkhu, who had a deep relationship with the old.

The second meeting place was presided over by Master De Jin of Torinji Pure Land Court, and monks from all over the country, such as masters, methods, monks and students, attended the discussion.

The third meeting was presided over by Master Deyong of Torinji Pure Land Court, attended by Master Hui Shou, the head of the ancestral court’s merit department, and Master Hui Ya, the head of the pure land court’s merit department. Your dharma protectors Tan Yue and the people who are destined to lay down their lives participated in the discussion.

At about 17 o’clock, the discussion of each group ended, and the anniversary of the death of the Chuanyin elders was complete.

The compassion and wisdom of the elder Chuanyin is not only reflected in his self-cultivation of Buddhism in his life, but also reflected in the fact that he left countless disciples with such a common cause of learning and growing up. Donglin disciples realized the elder’s deep compassion. Through such commemorative activities, the public can gather at the foot of Amitabha Buddha every day to commemorate the old age and experience the spirit of the elder’s birth of "a burning house with a violet" and "suffering and hardening into a diamond."

Figure/Text Torinji, Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province

　　　　According to Caijing, Teng Wancui, member of the Standing Committee of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, and Minister of United Front Work, was "double-regulated" by the Hunan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection on October 24 due to serious violations of discipline such as illegal fund-raising. Up to now, 113 cadres of party and government organs, enterprises and institutions have been investigated for the alleged "illegal fund-raising incident in Xiangxi".

　　The early withdrawal of officials caused the fund-raising chain to break.

　　　　The reporter was informed that Teng Wancui was taken to Changsha for investigation by the Hunan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection more than 10 days ago, and her husband Liu, who works for Xiangxi Agricultural Bank, was also investigated. According to informed sources, Teng Wancui’s main problem is to participate in illegal fund-raising and withdraw principal and interest in advance, and the amount of fund-raising is huge. In addition, Teng Wancui is also suspected of taking bribes and participating in mine management.

　　　　In recent years, a number of enterprises in Xiangxi have long used the promise of high interest returns as bait to attract private funds, involving thousands of fund-raising households, absorbing more than 10 billion yuan, and a large number of government officials participated in fund-raising In mid-2008, some government officials involved in fund-raising got the information and withdrew the principal and interest in advance, which triggered the fund-raising chain to break.

　　　　Since then, in less than half a month, some financing enterprises in Jishou City, the seat of Xiangxi Prefecture, have taken away at least 1 billion yuan, and most of them have broken their capital chains. Worried that it would be difficult to recover the principal, on September 3 and 4, more than 10,000 fund-raisers gathered twice to contain the Xiangxi government and the railway station, and then the police force was used to calm down. Since then, fund-raisers have blocked the Xiangxi government twice.

　　Conceal and lie when being investigated.

　　　　The reporter was informed that during the investigation by the Hunan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and the task force of the Provincial Supervision Department, Teng Wancui had serious intentional concealment and false reporting when explaining that he, his spouse and his children participated in illegal fund-raising in Xiangxi.

　　　　According to the reporter’s understanding, Teng Wancui is mainly suspected of participating in the illegal fund-raising of Xiangxi Rongchang Group and Jishou Guangcai Real Estate Development Company, and is closely related to these two enterprises, and Teng Wancui once paid more attention to Guangcai Real Estate Company.

　　　　Teng Wancui was born on December 22, 1959 in Fenghuang County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province. She was a native Tujia female cadre and ranked fourth in the Standing Committee of Xiangxi Prefecture before the incident.

　　　　According to the relevant personage of Xiangxi government, Teng Wancui is bold by nature and good at approaching leaders. Teng himself was recruited into the Grain Station of Fenghuang County Grain Bureau in his early years and later turned into a cadre. Since then, Teng, as a female cadre of ethnic minorities, has been sent to South-Central University for Nationalities to study, and later served as a member of the Party Committee, office director and theoretical teacher of the Party School of Fenghuang County Committee, and has since embarked on a career. Since December 2002, he has been promoted to the Standing Committee of Xiangxi State Committee and Minister of United Front Work.

　　　　People close to the task force revealed to reporters that Teng Wancui was also suspected of taking advantage of his position to accept bribes; Participate in mining and tourism project development, and obtain illegal benefits from it.

　　　　In fact, Teng Wancui is only one of many party and government officials suspected of illegal fund-raising. In mid-October, the preliminary investigation results released by the Hunan provincial government showed that 113 cadres of party and government organs, enterprises and institutions had participated in fund-raising, among which quite a few were party and government officials at or above the county level.

　　More than half of Jishou’s families participate.

　　Many residents sell houses to raise funds.

　　　　Private fund-raising in Xiangxi has been going on for some time, but large-scale fund-raising began in 2002. By 2008, illegal fund-raising reached a fever pitch, with monthly interest generally above 8%, and some enterprises even as high as 10% to 12%.

　　　　According to the analysis report released by the People’s Bank of China Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Sub-branch in July 2008, by the end of June 2008, the scale of private lending in the autonomous prefecture was nearly 7 billion yuan, accounting for more than half of the total loans of financial institutions in this region in the same period.

　　　　At present, the Xiangxi government has sent a working group to conduct liquidation of 12 enterprises with large illegal financing. A police officer involved in the investigation of illegal fund-raising told reporters that it is conservatively estimated that the total amount of illegal fund-raising may exceed 10 billion yuan.

　　　　On September 4th, Jishou Municipal Government issued a notice to register the fund-raising situation, and set up 28 fund-raising registration points in the urban area to check the fund-raising situation. The urban population of Jishou City is less than 200,000, and more than half of the families have participated in illegal fund-raising. In eight counties under the jurisdiction of Xiangxi, such as Longshan, Fenghuang, Guzhang and Huayuan, illegal fund-raising is also quite serious.

　　　　In addition to the above-mentioned key financing enterprises, the local public security organs are still investigating more small financing enterprises. According to police sources, "the financing amount of these investigated financing enterprises is about 200 million yuan, and some of them have been found to be suspected of fraud."

　　　　Illegal fund-raising has a great influence on all aspects of Xiangxi. The reporter learned in Ganzhou New District of Jishou City that the Xuantan community, which has the highest amount of illegal fund-raising, has raised more than 100 million yuan. Many residents even sell houses to raise funds and borrow money, and their lives are in a difficult situation because of no return of principal and interest. (Reporter Ouyang Hongliang)

Editor: Li Xian

　　BEIJING, Beijing, December 6 (Reporter Li Jinlei) With the recent announcement of raising the minimum wage in Liaoning Province, at least 22 regions have announced raising the minimum wage since the beginning of this year, according to the incomplete statistics of the reporters of Zhongxin. com. Among them, the monthly minimum wage in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Zhejiang, Tianjin and Beijing ≥ 2000 yuan

　　22 regions raise the minimum wage.

　　In December, the minimum monthly wage in Zhejiang Province has been adjusted to 2010 yuan, 1800 yuan, 1660 yuan and 1500 yuan since December 1. Liaoning Province recently announced that it will raise the minimum wage from January 1, 2018.

　　So far, according to incomplete statistics, at least 22 regions such as Shanghai, Zhejiang, Tianjin, Beijing, Jiangsu, Shandong, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Henan, Fujian, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Liaoning, Hunan, Qinghai and Shenzhen have announced an increase in the minimum wage this year.

　　The reporter from Zhongxin.com found that the number of regions that raised the minimum wage in 2017 increased significantly compared with 2016. The data shows that only nine regions raised the minimum wage in 2016.

　　Why will the number of areas that raise the minimum wage this year increase significantly? Su Hainan, vice president of china association for labour studies, told Zhongxin.com that according to the Minimum Wage Regulations, the minimum wage can be adjusted every two years. Last year, the downward pressure on China’s economy was great, but this year, China’s economy remained stable and the business conditions improved. In addition, most areas did not adjust last year, so the number of areas that raised the minimum wage increased this year.

　　The monthly minimum wage standard in five places ≥ 2000 yuan

　　According to the Minimum Wage Regulations, the minimum wage generally takes the form of monthly minimum wage and hourly minimum wage. The monthly minimum wage is applicable to full-time employees, and the hourly minimum wage is applicable to part-time employees.

　　After the minimum wage has been raised, the monthly minimum wage in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Zhejiang, Tianjin and Beijing has reached 2000 yuan.

　　Among them, the monthly minimum wage in Shanghai is 2300 yuan, the highest in the country; Shenzhen is second, with 2130 yuan; The third and first monthly minimum wage in Zhejiang is 2010 yuan; Tianjin’s monthly minimum wage exceeded the 2000 mark for the first time this year, reaching 2050 yuan; The monthly minimum wage in Beijing is just 2000 yuan.

　　Why are there different grades of minimum wages?

　　Careful people can find that there are different levels of minimum wages in the same province, autonomous region and municipality. Why?

　　Originally, according to the Minimum Wage Regulations, different administrative regions within provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government can have different minimum wage standards.

　　However, the reporter noted that some provinces began to merge several grade standards into one standard. For example, the monthly minimum wage in Qinghai Province has been adjusted from 1250 yuan in Xining City and Haidong City, 1260 yuan in Haibei Prefecture, Hainan Prefecture and Huangnan Prefecture, and 1270 yuan in Haixi Prefecture, Guoluo Prefecture and Yushu Prefecture, and the whole province has been uniformly adjusted to 1500 yuan.

　　Does the minimum wage include "five insurances and one gold"?

　　The reporter found that every time the minimum wage standard is raised, many netizens will ask: Does the minimum wage include "five insurances and one gold"?

　　In this regard, local regulations are not consistent, some places explicitly do not include, while others are included. For example, in Beijing and Shanghai, it is clear that the social insurance premiums and housing accumulation funds that individual workers should pay are not part of the minimum wage standard, and employers should pay them separately according to regulations.

　　In Guizhou and other places, it is clear that the monthly minimum wage standard includes the basic old-age insurance premium, medical insurance premium, unemployment insurance premium and housing provident fund that individual workers should pay.

　　Su Hainan believes that the minimum wage does not include "five insurances and one gold", and its "gold content" is higher. Because the employer needs to pay separately, for the workers, the wages they get will be more.

　　What is the impact of raising the minimum wage?

　　What impact will it have if the minimum wage standard is gradually raised? In Su Hainan’s view, raising the minimum wage is very important to protect and improve the basic livelihood of low-income wage earners and their dependents, and it will also drive the wage level of other posts and the calculation base of overtime pay to increase.

　　At the same time, some treatment standards linked to the minimum wage will also rise accordingly. According to the Guiding Opinions on Adjusting the Unemployment Insurance Standard issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance this year, the unemployment insurance standard will be gradually raised to 90% of the minimum wage standard. According to the standard of 90%, with the increase of the minimum wage, the local unemployment benefit standard will also rise.

　　Su Hainan said that on the whole, the adjustment of the minimum wage standard should follow the principle of moderation and appropriateness. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure that the living standards of low-income wage earners and their dependents will not decline due to factors such as rising prices, and strive to make it and the average social wage. Form an appropriate proportional relationship; On the other hand, we must also consider the affordability of enterprises, ensure that the increase in the minimum wage standard will not affect the normal operation of enterprises, and coordinate and balance the interests of both employers and employees. (End)