The Spring Festival is the most important festival in Chinese. One of the most important contents of the Spring Festival is the New Year’s Eve dinner.

　　Dinner on New Year’s Eve is called New Year’s Eve.

　　New Year’s Eve is very important, and many places call it "family fun", which is an important family banquet. Amid the cheerful firecrackers and the laughter and laughter of the Spring Festival Gala broadcast by CCTV, it is the warmest and happiest moment in the world for the whole family to sit together, share wine and delicacies, and bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year together. Especially for the elderly, the reunion of their families has comforted and satisfied them spiritually. Looking at healthy children and lively and lovely children and grandchildren, the smile of the elderly is more stretched and warm than ever.

　　It can be said that the New Year’s Eve dinner is the most delicious, sweet and sometimes the most expensive dish in a year. More than 30 years ago, people were looking forward to the Chinese New Year. In a way, they were looking forward to this "big meal". Children, in particular, entered the "twelfth lunar month" gate and counted them with their fingers. I remember when I was a child, most of the neighbors in the courtyard were living in poverty, and there were few opportunities to eat meat and fish at ordinary times, not to mention those famous cooking and fancy pasta. When friends get together and talk about eating good food, they are all looking forward to the New Year, especially the New Year’s Eve. The dishes of New Year’s Eve are the most in a year, both vegetarian and cold and hot. Generally, there are at least 8 dishes and more than a dozen. Only then will the adults let the children eat.

　　In fact, the so-called good things that were eaten at the New Year’s Eve dinner in those days are as common as ever at today’s dinner table, and can be eaten every day. But not then. Because of the lack of materials, most of them are supplied by ticket. Even if you have some money, you can’t buy what you want. Pork, fish, peanut oil, preserved eggs, beer, sugar, tea, etc. are all rationed according to the population or family, and supplied by ticket. National Day, New Year’s Day and Spring Festival sometimes increase the supply items and quantity, for example, each person can supply half a catty of pork, and each household can buy two jins of candy and several boxes of Daqianmen cigarettes. Many families will "diet" and "cut down on meat" during the period near the Chinese New Year. I haven’t seen meat stars in the dishes for more than ten days, so I should eat as little white flour as possible and keep steamed buns. Pork tickets are saved and bought at one time on the eve of Chinese New Year. In this way, in addition to keeping the bag for jiaozi, you can also stir-fry rice flour meat and even stew braised pork. Once such a "reduced" stomach is released, it is followed by a sharp increase in gastrointestinal diseases. Every year on the 30th, the hospital is very busy. The patient has nothing else, most of which are the problems that come out. In the final analysis, it is the word "poor" that caused the disaster.

　　More importantly, the New Year’s Eve is an auspicious day for family reunion. On New Year’s Eve, no matter how far apart and how busy the work is, people always want to go back to their homes, have a reunion dinner and meet their loved ones who miss them so much. Spring Festival travel rush is the largest and most spectacular "migration" to go home in the world, and those "migration troops" who have worked tirelessly and traveled long distances in anxious to return all expect to arrive before the New Year’s Eve. The New Year’s Eve dinner has become a signal and beacon to call people home, which goes far beyond the meaning of a meal. In some families, you will see such a scene: there is a seat and a pair of chopsticks in front of the dining table, but no one is there. This means that the relatives of this family did not arrive in time for various reasons, or could not go home to reunite with their relatives, but the family could not forget him. Put tables, chairs, bowls and chopsticks, and take the right to be a relative among them. Therefore, many dishes on the New Year’s Eve are also born from this. "Reunion", "family happiness" and "good luck at the head" all contain the wish to pray for family safety and happiness.

　　Many people are very particular about the New Year’s Eve dinner, and they have everything to say about whether they eat or not. Even in the era of food shortage, people showed their magical powers and tried their best to get symbolic food for good luck. Of course, every nation has its own customs and habits, and there are great differences between the north and the south. For example, southerners like to eat rice dumplings, rice cakes, glutinous rice balls, and some eat raw garlic and preserved eggs. Among them, the meaning of rice cake is the most obvious: "sticky (sticky) high (cake) every year", which is auspicious and wishful, and is interpreted as the meaning of rising year by year. The traditional food of northerners is mainly pasta, and jiaozi is the most common Chinese New Year food, which is also a traditional habit with a long history. Some say that it appeared as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, some say that it was officially listed as a must-eat thing for the New Year from the Han Dynasty, and some say it was the Tang Dynasty. In many places, on New Year’s Eve, when the bell rings at twelve o’clock, they begin to eat jiaozi. Therefore, it is the time of the year, which means "making friends at a younger age", and because the white-flour jiaozi is shaped like a silver ingot, and a pot of pots on the table symbolizes "making a fortune in the New Year, and the ingot rolls in", so many people will go to the bank in advance to change some brand-new coins, or sterilize the old coins with boiling water and pack them into jiaozi with stuffing. This has great appeal to children. On New Year’s Eve, no matter how sleepy or tired I am, I just wait to eat jiaozi and eat coins, and I am happy. Then there is fish, which is also indispensable for the New Year’s Eve, and you can’t eat it all. You have to leave a little, which means "more than one year."

　　With the improvement of living standards, people’s attitude towards New Year’s Eve has become more and more persistent, more and more loving and, of course, more rational. Those who go out to work, work outside the home, and relatives who are temporarily separated from their families for various reasons, whether they have made a fortune or are down and out of luck, are heading for home near the end of the year, all looking forward to catching up with this extraordinary dinner. However, few people bother about the New Year’s Eve. Because people don’t care what they eat or drink, and they don’t look forward to the delicious food that they can enjoy on the New Year’s Eve as before. The New Year’s Eve dinner has gone far beyond the simple appetite temptation. People are more concerned about and attached to the feelings between their loved ones and the warmth of home brought by the New Year’s Eve dinner. These are the most abundant New Year’s Eve dinners!

　　People’s Daily (January 29, 2014, 24th edition)

Notice of the State Press and Publication Administration on Carrying out the Verification of Newspapers in 2023

Guoxin Departure Letter [2024] No.2

The press and publication bureaus of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the ministries and commissions of the central and state organs, the newspaper departments of people’s organizations, and the Propaganda Bureau of the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission:

According to the "Regulations on the Administration of Newspaper Publishing", "Measures for the Annual Verification of Newspapers and Periodicals" and other relevant regulations, the notice on doing a good job in the verification of newspapers in 2023 is as follows.

I. Verification Time

20 February to 31 March 2024

Second, the key points of verification

(1) Key verification contents

1. Content orientation and quality. Whether newspaper publishing units always take studying, propagating and implementing the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era as their primary task, thoroughly study, propagate and implement the Supreme Leader’s cultural thought, resolutely defend the "two establishments", strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenances", persistently use the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era to forge a soul, and continue to push the party’s innovative theory armed forces to go deep and practical; Whether it is clear-cut to adhere to the correct political direction, public opinion orientation and value orientation, adhere to unity, stability, encouragement and positive publicity, sing the main theme, carry forward positive energy, and consolidate and expand the mainstream ideological public opinion in the new era of endeavor; Whether to put social benefits in the first place and realize the unity of social benefits and economic benefits; Whether to publish bad and harmful information content such as laws and regulations prohibiting publication, guiding problems, vulgarity and kitsch, and endangering social morality; Whether to compile and publish overseas news information products without authorization; Whether there are quality problems such as the quality of editing and proofreading, the quality of publishing form is unqualified, and the quality of publishing can not meet the prescribed standards for a long time.

2. Publishing qualification and ability. Whether the newspaper organizer strictly implements the ideological work responsibility system and fully performs the responsibility of "managing people, managing affairs and managing assets"; Whether there are non-public capital components in the capital structure of newspaper publishing units and competent organizers; Whether the newspaper publishing unit has a sound guidance and quality management rules and regulations, whether it strictly implements the editing management system such as separation of editing and management, "three audits and three schools", whether it can carry out publishing activities normally, and whether there is a situation that its business has deteriorated and it is insolvent; Whether the main person in charge of the newspaper publishing unit meets the relevant regulations and holds a valid post training certificate.

3. Compliance with the law. Whether the newspaper publishing unit changes the licensing matters such as the competent organizer and business scope without authorization, whether it establishes local institutions without authorization, whether it delivers the sample newspaper in time according to the regulations, whether it has not been put on record or closed for more than 180 days, whether it has published illegal advertisements and been notified and punished by the relevant departments, and whether there are illegal and illegal problems such as selling, renting, transferring the serial number, layout and publishing license; Whether the employees have any illegal issues such as publishing job information without authorization, illegally setting up new media accounts such as Weibo WeChat, illegally applying for a journalist’s card, news extortion and false news.

4. Media construction and management. Whether newspaper publishing units resolutely implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and further promote the construction of all-media communication system, whether to establish and improve an integrated system and mechanism that adapts to the production and communication of media, and whether to achieve unified online and offline guidance and management requirements for newspapers and new media; Whether there are irregularities in the operation and management of the new media and other serious violations of laws and regulations.

(2) Key verification units

1 newspaper publishing units whose newspaper names and business scope have changed in the last two years.

2 newspaper publishing units that have stopped publishing, stopped publishing, failed to publish normally for a long time, and have no publishing conditions.

3. Newspaper publishing units that have problems in violation of laws and regulations, are suspected of violating laws and regulations, or the masses report that there are content-oriented errors, news extortion, false news and other problems.

4 newspaper publishing units with low publishing quality and prominent editing and proofreading errors in recent years.

Third, organize the implementation

The press and publication bureaus of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps are responsible for the annual verification of local newspapers, and the Propaganda Bureau of the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission is responsible for the annual verification of military newspapers.

Newspapers published in Beijing by ministries and commissions of the central and state organs and people’s organizations are verified by the Beijing Municipal Press and Publication Bureau. The central and state organs, ministries and commissions, people’s organizations and newspaper departments should actively cooperate with the provincial press and publication management departments to do the annual verification work.

The State Press and Publication Administration is responsible for the unified organization, deployment, supervision and guidance of the annual verification of national newspapers.

Iv. verification procedures

(1) Unit self-inspection. The newspaper publishing units shall carefully conduct self-examination and self-correction according to the requirements of this notice, write an annual self-inspection report, log in to the "2023 Annual Newspaper Verification System" on China reporter website, fill in and print the "2023 Annual Newspaper Verification Form".

(two) report to the competent organizer for inspection. Each newspaper publishing unit will submit the annual self-inspection report and the paper materials of the 2023 Annual Newspaper Verification Form to the organizer and the competent unit, and the competent organizer will conduct inspection, issue audit opinions and affix the official seal on the 2023 Annual Newspaper Verification Form.

(three) reported to the provincial press and publication management department for verification. Each newspaper publishing unit will submit the 2023 Annual Newspaper Verification Form stamped with the official seal of the competent organizer, together with the annual self-inspection report, newspaper sample report and other verification materials, to the provincial press and publication management department. Provincial press and publication management departments shall carefully verify paper materials according to laws and regulations, log in to the "2023 Annual Newspaper Verification System" to review the information provided by newspaper publishing units and approve the verification opinions. For key verification units, the verification opinions should be approved on the basis of investigation, conversation and on-the-spot inspection.

(4) Submitting it to the State Press and Publication Administration. The provincial press and publication management departments shall summarize and submit the 2023 annual newspaper verification report and the 2023 annual newspaper verification results catalogue of local newspapers through the "2023 annual newspaper verification system". The annual verification report should include the annual verification measures and results, the basic situation of newspaper publishing and achievements, compliance and discipline, the effectiveness of integration and development, as well as existing problems, difficulties and suggestions. The annual verification report in 2023 and the catalogue of newspaper verification results must be submitted in another paper document.

The State Press and Publication Administration will supervise and inspect the work in key areas, conduct targeted spot checks on key verification units this year, and inform the provincial press and publication management departments of the annual verification work as appropriate.

V. Verification requirements

(a) focus on strengthening the organization and implementation. All relevant management departments should strengthen responsibility, strengthen organization and leadership, act quickly and make careful arrangements. Combined with the actual situation of the local department, we carefully formulated specific work plans, innovated management methods, adjusted and optimized verification measures, strengthened supervision and inspection and spot checks, and ensured that the annual verification work was completed with high standards and high quality. All newspaper publishing units should implement the main responsibility, refine measures according to the annual verification requirements, and arrange special classes to implement them, so as to ensure the efficient completion of the annual verification materials filling and submission within the prescribed time limit.

(2) Adhere to strict examination and control. All relevant administrative departments should adhere to the word "strictness", strictly verify procedures, strictly regulate standards, severely punish accountability, and strictly block management loopholes. It is necessary to highlight key verification, establish key supervision files in combination with the actual daily supervision work such as newspaper review, quality inspection, social benefit evaluation and case investigation, and conduct comprehensive inspection and strict verification one by one according to the requirements of verification work. It is necessary to strictly examine and verify the verification conclusion in accordance with the Measures for Annual Verification of Newspapers and Periodicals. Those who suspend the verification, fail to pass the verification and do not participate in the verification should explain the reasons and the treatment measures to be taken.

(three) to ensure the quality of verification data. All relevant management departments should tighten the compaction responsibility chain, strengthen the verification data audit and check, and focus on the important verification data by comparing it with previous verification data and daily management data to ensure that the verification data is complete, true, standardized and accurate. If the verification data reported by the newspaper publishing unit is incomplete, untrue and irregular, it shall be returned, and if it still does not meet the requirements after re-reporting, the verification shall be suspended. Newspaper publishing units should strengthen the awareness of verifying data quality, carefully collect and standardize the filling, do not resort to deceit or perfunctory things, and lay a solid foundation for the quality of source data.

(4) Do a good job in follow-up work. It is necessary to do a good job in the follow-up work of annual verification in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on the Administration of Newspaper Publishing and the Notice on Standardizing the Procedures for Cancellation of Newspapers. For newspapers that fail to participate in the annual verification as required, fail to participate in the annual verification after being urged, and fail to pass the annual verification, the local provincial press and publication administration department shall apply to the State Press and Publication Administration for revoking its newspaper publishing license. For newspapers that are closed, closed, unable to be published normally for a long time, and no longer have publishing conditions, practical measures should be taken to promote their deadline for transfer or closure. On the initiative of the organizer in charge of the newspaper, it should be submitted to the State Press and Publication Administration in a timely manner for filing and cancellation of registration.

State Press and Publication Administration

January 11, 2024

(Contact: Wang Qi, Tel: 010-83138397, Address: No.40, Xuanwumenwai Street, Xicheng District, Beijing)

　　Japanese rite of passage

　　Overseas network April 1 STAccording to Japan’s Yomiuri Shimbun, the amendment to Japan’s Civil Law came into effect on April 1, and the adult age in Japan was officially lowered from 20 to 18. According to the amendment, at the age of 18, you can independently sign financial contracts such as credit card processing, investment and consumption, but you still need to be at least 20 years old to smoke, drink or participate in public gambling.

　　In 1876, Japan in Meiji era defined 20 years old as the age of adulthood for the first time. Japanese media pointed out that this is the first time that Japan has adjusted the age of majority in the Civil Law after 146 years. Since most countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) adopt the form of "18-year-old adults", Japan has also decided to adjust to international standards. Specifically, Japanese adults over the age of 18 can sign contracts such as mobile phones and credit cards without their parents’ consent, and can also apply for passports valid for 10 years. The marriage age of women is adjusted from 16 to 18, just like that of men.

　　Earlier, some media pointed out that the aging of Japanese society is becoming more and more serious, and lowering the age standard for adults is intended to encourage young people to enter society early and participate in social life. However, some experts worry that many 18-and 19-year-olds lack social experience and are easily deceived without the protection of guardians. The current Japanese law stipulates that minors or their guardians have the right to cancel contracts signed without the consent of their guardians. After the new regulations come into effect, people aged 18 and 19 will lose relevant legal protection. (Overseas Network-Wang Shanning)

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a message to the young people in the new era, stressing that "in the new era, young people in China should inherit and carry forward the May 4th spirit, strengthen their ideals and beliefs, stand firm on the people’s stand, practice their excellent skills, devote themselves to the great cause of strengthening the country, and always maintain the forward posture of hard struggle, together with hundreds of millions of people, and fight bravely on the new long March to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream by the Chinese nation." The author thinks that in the new era, the young people in China should carry forward the patriotic banner, scientific spirit and the tradition of eternal struggle to implement the message spirit of the Supreme Leader General Secretary.

　　To inherit and carry forward the spirit of May 4th Movement, we should hold high the banner of patriotism.

　　Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has regarded young people as the new force and commando for the development of the cause of the party and the people, and has always led, cared for and supported young people to realize their life values and lofty ideals in the great struggle of participating in the country’s prosperity and national rejuvenation, whether in the stormy revolutionary years, in the raging construction period or in the magnificent reform era. A generation of youth has the spiritual coordinates of a generation of youth, a generation of youth has the historical experience of a generation of youth, and a generation of youth has the mission of a generation of youth. In the face of the sudden outbreak of COVID-19, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, young people in China in the new era hold high the banner of patriotism, stimulate patriotic enthusiasm and show patriotic feelings. After achieving phased results in fighting the epidemic with the people of the whole country, they are fully committed to the vivid practice of resuming work and production, promoting stable and orderly economic and social development and realizing the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "In contemporary China, the essence of patriotism is to adhere to a high degree of unity of patriotism, love for the Party and love for socialism". In the new era, young people in China should know and grasp the historical inevitability of the development of human society and Socialism with Chinese characteristics from our party’s exploration of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s historical development and great practice, and constantly establish their faith and confidence in fighting for the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the new era, young people in China should carry forward the spirit of the May 4th Movement and hold high the banner of patriotism.To unswervingly follow the Party’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics road, we should clearly understand, profoundly understand and thoroughly understand the truth that "without communist party, there will be no new China, only socialism can save China, and only Socialism with Chinese characteristics can develop China", learn the history of the Party, know the Party’s situation, listen to the Party’s words and follow the Party. We must adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, closely link our ideals with the future of the motherland, closely link our growth with the destiny of the nation, and integrate our personal pursuit of happiness into the great practice of seeking happiness for the people of China and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, so that our ideals, careers, happiness and the future of the country, the people’s happiness and the destiny of the nation can be United in the same direction, with the same direction and with the same strength, so that our youth can serve the motherland, the people and the people.

　　Inheriting and carrying forward the spirit of May 4th Movement should carry forward the scientific spirit.

　　The majority of young people insist on taking science as a sharp weapon to win the epidemic prevention and control war, establish scientific spirit, adopt scientific methods, strengthen scientific research, insist on asking science for answers, methods and results, and make outstanding contributions to the phased achievements of epidemic prevention and control together with the people of the whole country.

　　In the new era, young people in China should carry forward the scientific spirit. First, they should adhere to the Marxist scientific outlook. Marxism is a science about realistic people and their historical development, and its research object is all human historical activities and the whole historical process. We should learn, understand and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, the latest achievement of Marxism in China. From a macro perspective, we can handle the relationship between man and nature and realize the sustainable development of the country’s economy and society. From the middle point of view, we can handle the relationship between people and society, effectively solve the problem of "people’s dependence on things" formed by the logic of capital, and provide guidance for work, study and life; From the microscopic point of view, it can deal with the relationship between good people and self, effectively eliminate cultural nihilism, and enhance their sense of acquisition and happiness.

　　Second, we must learn to think scientifically and be brave in pioneering and innovating. On the one hand, we should carry forward the tradition of pioneering spirit, promote innovation consciousness in the whole society with practical actions that dare to innovate, dare to innovate and be good at innovation, stimulate the innovation wisdom of all people, unite the innovation strength of all people, release the innovation vitality of the whole society, seize the historical opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological and industrial revolution, give full play to the key role of scientific and technological innovation, and seize the "bull’s nose" of scientific and technological innovation to seize the opportunity, win the initiative and win the initiative for promoting reform and development. On the other hand, we should strengthen the comprehensive research, systematic planning and overall promotion of all work, make clear the distance in time, use the long to see the short, from near to far, and orderly, so as to be steady and far-reaching; Make clear the size in space, look at the small with the big, accumulate the small to be the big, and make the easy first and then the difficult, so as to make the big things easy, make the difficult things easy, achieve career success and promote national development.

　　Third, we must persist in joint efforts in scientific research and promote the integration of science and humanities. On the one hand, it is necessary to enhance team awareness, work together to tackle key problems scientifically, and in view of the increasingly prominent reality of cross-disciplinary clustering and multi-field technology integration, rely on team strength to gather wisdom to tackle key problems, integrate scientific research strength and resources, and give full play to the advantages of all aspects, so as to form an overall joint force to promote scientific and technological innovation and accelerate the construction of an innovative country. On the other hand, it promotes the integration of science and humanities, emphasizing both the value of humanistic spirit and the charm of scientific rationality; He is good at using empirical methods to study social science issues, but also good at thinking about natural science issues from the perspective of humanities, realizing the interaction between scientific research and humanistic thinking, the blending of scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, and the scientific application of natural science research methods and social science research methods, further highlighting the role of science and technology in economic and social development.

　　Inheriting and carrying forward the spirit of the May 4th Movement should carry forward the tradition of permanent struggle.

　　Young people in the new era carry forward the tradition of eternal struggle. First, they should guide their life with ideals and beliefs. In the new era, young people in China need to set up lofty ideals of communism, as well as their faith in Marxism, Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream. They should proceed from reality, plan from the present, start from the present, and handle the dialectical relationship between ideal and reality, long-term and present. They should set up ideals as well as focus on reality, guide practical work with lofty ideals and support lofty ideals with practical work. It is necessary to take a long-term view and base on the present. Only by taking a long-term view can we motivate ourselves to move forward, and only by standing on the present can we make steady progress. To establish a high degree of consciousness of integrating one’s ego into the motherland’s ego and the people’s ego, we must be ambitious and down-to-earth. We must temper our noble character and practice it. We must not only improve our ability and quality, but also ensure our physical and mental health, so that we can become builders and successors of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　Second, we should take hard study as a ladder for growth and progress. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "In the new era, young people in China should enhance their sense of urgency in learning, be eager to study tirelessly, study hard Marxist standpoints and methods, master scientific and cultural knowledge and professional skills, improve their humanistic quality, increase their knowledge and temper their character in their studies, increase their talents and skills in their work, serve the people with genuine talents and practical learning, and contribute to the country with innovation!" In the new era, young people in China should establish the concept of lifelong learning, learning all the time and learning everything, understand the truth that "young people are easy to learn when they are old, and one inch of time can’t be light", grasp the method that "what they get on paper is shallow at last, and they know nothing about it", adhere to the tenacity that "the bench should be cold for ten years, and the article should not be empty", and bear in mind that "it is the night when men are reading"

　　Third, we should regard practice as a stage to keep our passion for struggle forever. In the new era, young people in China should join the people in the great practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, deeply understand the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, promote the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, dialectically treat the development speed, efficiency and sustainability, and fully understand the characteristics of the new round of scientific and technological and industrial revolution, such as the continuous emergence of major subversive technologies, the accelerated transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the monopoly of industrial organization forms and industrial chains. Actively cultivate new impetus for development, shape more leading development that can give full play to the first-Mover advantage, and contribute their youth and strength to the Chinese dream of building an innovative country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　(Li Zhongshuang is a researcher at the Theoretical System Research Center of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, Jilin Province)

　　　　　　 CCTV News:During this year’s Spring Festival, many domestic films of New Year’s Eve which were shown in cinemas not only gained good box office and reputation, but also suffered serious online infringement and piracy. In this regard, the National Copyright Administration responded yesterday (15th) that it would intensify investigations in conjunction with various departments to curb the spread of infringement and piracy.

　　　　　　 On the first day of New Year’s Day, many domestic films with different types and themes were released in a concentrated way, which attracted many audiences to enter the cinema. Take the film The Wandering Earth as an example. By the afternoon of 15th, the box office of the film had exceeded 3.2 billion yuan, setting a new record for domestic films. However, within a few days of its release in The Wandering Earth, the pirated resources of the film began to spread on the Internet through WeChat friends circle and Weibo. Some people even openly peddled pirated resources of many cinema films, including The Wandering Earth, through Wechat business. Not only did they claim that the picture quality was "high-definition", but the price of a single film was as low as that of 1 yuan, and they could enjoy preferential treatment when they were packaged and purchased.

　　　　　　 Previously, through the clues provided by netizens, the reporter also found that some websites that downloaded free movie resources unscrupulously provided pirated resources of many New Year movies still being shown in cinemas on their homepages. Users can watch movies online without paying. However, when playing, there will be a gambling sites advertisement subtitle or pop-up information constantly on the screen.

　　　　　　 Zhaojie, director of the Copyright Law Enforcement Division of the National Copyright Administration, said that according to the monitoring situation, piracy is mostly concentrated in unregistered "three noes" small websites, some of which have servers located overseas, and some pirated contents or links are uploaded by third-party users or sold by third parties on e-commerce platforms.

　　　　　　 The relevant person in charge of the copyright law enforcement department of the National Copyright Administration said that the Copyright Administration attached great importance to the copyright protection of Spring Festival movies. In addition to including all eight New Year movies in the early warning list of copyright protection for the first batch of key works in 2019, the China Copyright Association Monitoring Center and the Film Quality Inspection Institute were deployed throughout the Spring Festival, and the monitoring of piracy was strengthened. Especially since February 7th, we have arranged for key film rights holders and monitoring agencies to set up docking windows, and jointly deleted infringing information with Internet service providers. As of the evening of 14th, 6,362 infringement links complained by right holders have been handled. At present, the online infringement and piracy of the Spring Festival movie shows a downward trend as a whole, from 1,634 on February 8 to 392 on February 14.

　　　　　　 Zhaojie, Director of the Copyright Enforcement Division of the National Copyright Administration, said: "Next, the National Copyright Administration will work with the National Film Administration, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other relevant departments to dig deep into the source of piracy and intensify the crackdown on sneak shots and illegal recordings in cinemas. The copyright law enforcement department will severely investigate and deal with websites, APPs, WeChat WeChat official account and e-commerce operators that sell and disseminate pirated films, and if the circumstances are serious, they will be handed over to the public security department for criminal treatment. "

　　Vaccination is the key to immunization planning, and it is also a sharp weapon for China to deal with a series of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

　　According to the "Immunization Agenda 2030" announced by 26 institutions including the World Health Organization (WHO), the goal is to achieve 90% coverage of basic vaccines for children and adolescents by 2030, and to reduce the number of children who have not been vaccinated at all by half. The "Healthy China 2030" Planning Outline clearly stated that "the expanded national immunization program should be continued, and the vaccination rate of school-age children in the national immunization program should be maintained at a high level".

　　At present, 14 kinds of vaccines under China’s immunization program can prevent 15 kinds of infectious diseases, including hepatitis A, meningitis and rubella, and the coverage population is mainly children aged 0 to 6. However, there are still four kinds of vaccines recommended by WHO that are internationally recognized as cost-effective and have not been included in China’s immunization program.

　　What is the urgency and cost-effectiveness of these four vaccines for patients? How to set relevant evaluation standards? On the occasion of "World Immunization Week", CBN interviewed a number of clinical and immunization planning experts and gave their answers.

　　The dilemma of high price of PCV vaccine

　　The vaccines recommended by WHO but not included in China’s immunization program mainly include Hib vaccine (Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine), HPV vaccine (human papillomavirus vaccine), PCV vaccine (streptococcus pneumoniae conjugate vaccine) and RV vaccine (rotavirus vaccine).

　　"Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) is the main pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia and invasive infection among children in China." Zeng Mei, chief physician of the Pediatric Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, said that according to multi-center research, nearly 80% of patients with invasive pneumococcal diseases are children under 5 years old. "It is urgent to vaccinate this population with streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine."

　　As a pediatric clinician, Zeng Mei has been concerned about the impact of Streptococcus pneumoniae on children and the related immunization planning process for many years. For example, a multi-center clinical study covering 1138 cases of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in children from 2012 to 2017 showed that the mortality rate of these invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae diseases was as high as 16.2%, and the proportions of meningitis, bacteremia and bacteremia caused by these diseases were 22.9%, 9.1% and 7.8 respectively.

　　In terms of vaccine supply, at present, there are two kinds of PCV13-valent vaccines available in China. Among them, imported vaccines are suitable for infants aged 6 weeks to 15 months, and domestic vaccines are suitable for infants and children aged 6 weeks to 5 years. PPV23(23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) is used for people over 2 years old who are infected with SPN and have an increased risk of IPD (invasive pneumococcal disease).

　　"In China, there are obvious regional differences in deaths caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, and about 49% of deaths caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae occurred in the western region. In terms of mortality, the mortality rate in the western region is 17 per 100,000, which is about twice as high as that in other regions. " Wang Weibing, director and professor of the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, said that the vaccination rate of PCV13 vaccine in Shanghai has reached almost 50% in recent years, and the risk of pneumonia can be reduced by about 82% after vaccination, but the vaccination rate in the western region is less than 1%.

　　Wang Weibing further said that from the perspective of economic burden, the price of PCV vaccine in most countries covered by Gavi (Global Alliance for Vaccine Immunization) is about US$ 3.3 per dose. The price of imported PCV13 vaccine in China is about 700 yuan per dose, which still has a certain gap. "The current price also leads to the vaccine not being cost-effective in health economics." .

　　It is necessary to comprehensively consider many factors such as disease, vaccine, vaccination ability and so on when vaccines are included in the immunization program. Wang Weibing told reporters that on the one hand, epidemiological evidence such as the disease burden of influenza and pneumococcal diseases in China is still insufficient. Because pneumonia, influenza and other respiratory diseases usually have similar symptoms, there are many kinds of pathogens that can cause the same disease, which makes it difficult to estimate the disease burden of vaccine-preventable diseases, and it is difficult to observe the effect after vaccination.

　　On the other hand, from the point of view of vaccine supply, because PCV vaccine contains many serotypes, the production process is complex and there are certain technical barriers, which leads to the vaccine supply can not meet the needs of being included in the national immunization plan. However, with the joining of Chinese manufacturers who independently research and develop PCV vaccine, it is believed that the current situation of insufficient supply will be expected to be improved.

　　Significance of free HPV vaccination

　　Since the first government-led HPV vaccine free vaccination project was launched in Erdos city three years ago, at present, Guangdong, Hainan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Tibet and Chongqing provinces have also started or announced that they will launch a global HPV vaccine free vaccination program.

　　According to other data, there are six kinds of HPV vaccines listed in the world, including two bivalent HPV vaccines independently developed by China (one from Wan Tai and one from watson biological). As of March 2023, 126 countries and regions have included HPV vaccine in the immunization program.

　　"In terms of HPV vaccination, people’s acceptance and participation enthusiasm are higher than expected. These explorations may provide important reference for the inclusion of HPV vaccine in national immunization planning decisions." Zhang Jun, deputy dean of the School of Public Health of Xiamen University and deputy director of the National Infectious Disease Diagnostic Reagents and Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center of Xiamen University, said in an interview.

　　In Zhang Jun’s view, there is no doubt about the health damage caused by HPV infection in China. With the large and stable supply of high-quality domestic HPV vaccines and widely recognized by the public, the independent control of vaccine research and development and the long-term sustainability of supply have become a fact. "At present, HPV vaccines have not been included in the national immunization plan, and the main difficulty lies in the high cost and price of vaccines and the uncertainty of public acceptance."

　　Judging from the bidding price of Jiangsu Province’s previous procurement, the bivalent HPV vaccine in watson biological was 246 yuan/piece, and the bivalent HPV vaccine in Wan Tai was 329 yuan/piece, and three shots were inoculated in the whole process. In addition, the average price of HPV tetravalent vaccine ranges from 800 to 900 yuan per dose, and the total price of three doses of HPV nine-valent vaccine is about 4,000 yuan.

　　"Because the research and development cycle of HPV vaccine is generally more than 10 years, it requires high production facilities and quality control. In order to maintain a virtuous circle of market demand-R&D investment, the pricing of products should not be too low within several years of listing; This may put greater pressure on the country’s budget. " Zhang Jun analyzed the reporter.

　　Du Heng, senior project officer of the Beijing Representative Office of Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, believes that enterprises will make production capacity layout and arrangement according to market demand, and naturally leave production capacity to the high-priced vaccine market and people with higher payment capacity. The key population that should be vaccinated with HPV vaccine first, that is, girls aged 9-15, can guide the production behavior of enterprises through strengthening the national immunization program and large-scale procurement.

　　Zhang Jun suggested that, on the one hand, a more flexible medical insurance payment mechanism could be considered. For example, formulate affordable medical insurance payment standards, where the expenses within the standards are reimbursed by medical insurance/finance, and the expenses beyond the standards are paid by individuals.

　　On the other hand, on the basis of bidding and purchasing with quantity, considering increasing the time factor, relatively high prices are allowed in the first few years, so that enterprises can recover their costs as soon as possible and obtain reasonable income, maintain their enthusiasm for innovation, and quickly switch to cost pricing or market competition after a certain number of years and more diversified manufacturers, so as to ensure the sustainability of immunization planning policies.

　　Implement a scientific and accurate evaluation standard path

　　Professor Tang Shenglan, co-director of the Global Health Research Center of Duke University in Kunshan and head of the Innovation Laboratory of Vaccine Delivery Research, told the reporter that there have been many mature research results on the key decision-making research and the selection of vaccine varieties for introducing immunization programs for new vaccines in the world, which generally involve three types of indicators.

　　The first category is indicators related to disease prevalence and burden. "For example, malaria is highly prevalent and has a high disease burden in many African countries, so it is necessary to include malaria vaccines in the immunization programs of these countries. However, malaria has been effectively controlled in China. In 2021, WHO awarded China the certification for eliminating malaria. Obviously, malaria vaccine will not be considered in the expansion of immunization programs in China. " Tang Shenglan said.

　　The second kind of indicators mainly focus on the vaccine itself, including its effectiveness, safety, quality, supply capacity and health and economic benefits.

　　The third category of indicators involves financial resources, manpower and material resources. Tang Shenglan analyzed in detail for the reporter. Financial resources mainly refer to whether China’s health financing mechanism can support the expansion decision. Generally speaking, if the budget is abundant this year, it will vigorously expand vaccination, and if the budget is tight next year, it will reduce vaccination coverage (the baby born next year will not be able to enjoy the plan). This obviously violates the principle of fairness. Manpower, every time a new vaccine is added to the immunization program, it means that the workload of vaccination increases and the number of possible vaccine adverse reactions increases; Correspondingly, the inoculation technology of new vaccines needs training, and the results of disease surveillance also need to be reported. Material resources include whether the vaccine distribution has cold chain conditions, whether the monitoring system can "expand" synchronously, and whether the media and grassroots science popularization have enough resources for public science popularization.

　　In the next step, what specific measures and adjustments should be made in immunization planning in various places?

　　Tang Shenglan suggested that, first of all, from the national level, a scientific and dynamic adjustment mechanism of immunization program catalogue can be gradually established, and based on this mechanism, the adjustment plan of national immunization program in the next 5-10 years can be defined, and the market can be shaped through this plan. At the same time, guided by health and fairness, taking into account the local disease burden, financial level and residents’ ability to pay, we will explore and support the gradual inclusion of more cost-effective vaccines in the national immunization plan in different regions, batches and steps, and include high-risk groups such as teenagers, the elderly, chronically ill patients and medical workers in the vaccination scope, so as to accelerate the realization of life-cycle vaccination.

　　Secondly, it is to improve the sustainable financing mechanism of vaccines, which can establish the clear expectations of relevant enterprises for the market. "Practice in some places shows that medical insurance reimbursement or moderate subsidies can effectively incite individuals to share and improve the vaccination rate without significantly increasing the financial burden." For example, Tang Shenglan, Qinhuai District of Nanjing, for example, paid about 670,000 yuan to buy varicella vaccine through finance in 2019, accounting for only 1.10% of the basic public health service expenses in the district, but it increased the coverage rate of the first vaccination by 10 percentage points.

　　Thirdly, improve the research and development of key vaccines through policy guidance. These policy guidance can include: optimizing vaccine review and approval standards, accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading, supporting joint vaccine research and development and production, and leaving room for optimizing immunization strategies; Support the domestic substitution of key vaccines to ensure a stable and sufficient supply of vaccines included in the immunization program.

　　Finally, Tang Shenglan suggested that we can learn from some innovative international procurement mechanisms to balance the risks and benefits of enterprises while adjusting vaccine prices.

　　"For example, in the bidding process in the UK, manufacturers are allowed to give different quotations according to different purchase quantities (often the larger the purchase quantity, the lower the price), so that economies of scale can be effectively utilized and the risks of manufacturers can be reduced. The Canadian government will require provinces or regions to estimate their demand before awarding the contract to manufacturers, and require provinces or regions to purchase at least 75% of their estimated amount, thus forming a quantitative guarantee for manufacturers. " Tang Shenglan said that China can fully learn from the experience of developed countries, start with regional pilot projects, and explore a better procurement model. While reducing the price of non-immunization vaccines, it also enhances the R&D enthusiasm of enterprises and achieves the goal of multi-win.

Original Bajiuling Wu Xiaobo Channel

It may be difficult for pharmaceutical companies to embark on the road of OEM, but it is not a long-term solution after all.

Text/Ba Jiuling (WeChat WeChat official account: Wu Xiaobo Channel)

01

These things you bought online are probably branded products.

Have you bought scar cream, hair tonic, warm palace stickers, diet pills and other health care products online? If these products come from well-known pharmaceutical companies such as Renhe, Tongrentang and Xiuzheng, will you have more trust, even if its price is higher than similar products, will you pay for them?

But in fact, the products you bought are probably not from the pharmaceutical companies’ own factories, but are OEM products.

For example, Tmall’s "Medicine Capital Renhe Flagship Store" has a monthly sales of 10,000+and more than 7,000 comments. According to the product details page, this product is from Renhe Pharmaceutical, but it does not appear in the product list of Renhe Pharmaceutical official website.

According to the approval number of this product "G20180064", minibus found the registration information of this product in official website of the Food and Drug Administration, which showed that the manufacturer was "Guangzhou Aifuyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.", and the last remark information also stated that its actual manufacturer was: Guangzhou Tengyu Cosmetics Co., Ltd.

Enterprise investigation shows that Guangzhou Aifuyi and Guangzhou Tengyu have no equity relationship with Renhe Pharmaceutical. This is a typical OEM product.

On the platform of investor interaction, many investors have raised a similar topic to Renhe Pharmaceutical, such as "What is the relationship between anti-alopecia lotion and Renhe Pharmaceutical", and they are concerned about the actual relationship between such branded products and Renhe Pharmaceutical.

02

The OEM model has spread to the medical field.

Today, the OEM model has been very popular in all walks of life. The most typical is the Antarctic people. Open a shopping platform, there will be many shops related to Antarctic people, and the products are countless, from shoes and clothing to bedding, from electric irons to gas stoves.

Antarctic people were originally a company that started from making underwear. Since 2008, Antarctic people have closed all the production lines of their own factories, and since then they have changed from "selling products" to "brand authorization", earning a lot of money. In 2019, Antarctic people earned 1.3 billion yuan through brand authorization. In 2020, the gross profit margin of Antarctic OEM service will reach 93.26%.

In recent years, the OEM model has spread to the medical and health care industries. Renhe, Tongrentang, Xiuzheng, Sunflower and many other well-known pharmaceutical companies increase their income through brand authorization.

Taking Renhe Pharmaceutical as an example, according to its 2020 annual report, the company achieved a total operating income of 4.106 billion yuan. The company’s products are divided into self-owned products and OEM products. From the perspective of income, self-owned products and OEM products basically account for half.

The OEM model supports half of the revenue of an old pharmaceutical company, which is enough to prove the dependence of well-known pharmaceutical companies on the OEM model.

Compared with R&D, OEM is obviously an easier shortcut. Accustomed to taking shortcuts, they are even more reluctant to take the difficult but correct path.

According to the third quarterly report of 2021 disclosed by Renhe Pharmaceutical, in the first three quarters, the company’s R&D expenses were 42.76 million yuan, and its revenue was about 3.659 billion yuan. The proportion of R&D expenses in revenue was only 1.1%. According to the annual report of Renhe Pharmaceutical for nearly 4 years, its annual sales expenses are 14-26 times as much as R&D expenses. Renhe’s characteristics of "emphasizing marketing and neglecting research and development" are often criticized by the outside world.

However, this is not the problem of Renhe. According to the survey report of the consulting industry in China, the R&D expenditure of large international pharmaceutical companies generally accounts for 15%-20% of the total sales, while the R&D investment of domestic pharmaceutical companies accounts for only 2%-3% of the sales revenue on average.

03

Want to win by branding? I’m afraid not.

Although the road to OEM is easy, it is not once and for all.

Just like Antarctic people, they thought they could "win" by brand authorization, but these two years have not been easy.

Since July last year, the share price of Antarctic e-commerce has dropped from the highest point of 24.41 yuan to around 7 yuan today, and its market value has evaporated by nearly 40 billion yuan. According to its 2021 semi-annual report, in the first half of 2021, the net profit of Antarctic e-commerce attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 246 million yuan, down 42.85% year-on-year.

The OEM model is like a double-edged sword, which not only contributes a lot of profit to the enterprise, but also brings various negative problems to the brand, such as product quality, word of mouth and even false propaganda.

There are many complaints about branded products of pharmaceutical companies on the websites of Black Cat Complaint and 315 Consumer Protection Complaint. Most of the complaints revolve around "invalid products", "fake goods", "no refund" and "false propaganda".

Minibus searched Pinduoduo for a wound care ointment. According to the industry details page, this product comes from a national brand-Amendment. Its function is "scar removal without leaving any trace", and it has been put on record by the Drug Administration, with good safety effect.

The actual manufacturer of this ointment is "Jiangxi Bingshuangjiefu Industrial Co., Ltd.", which has no equity relationship with Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical and belongs to OEM products.

According to the record number "Ganzhang Machinery Equipment No.20190083" provided by it, the minibus made an inquiry on the website of National Medical Products Administration, and the record information showed: "This product is ointment. The contained components have no pharmacological effects. The ingredients contained cannot be absorbed by the human body. Non-sterile. "

The "intended use" item is blank.

The minibus inquired about other brands of scar-removing ointment of the same type, and the column of "expected use" said "suitable for inhibiting and relieving hyperplastic scars caused by burns, trauma, surgery and other reasons".

In other words, this ointment probably has no scar removal effect. If so, then this product has the problem of false propaganda.

04

How can you post it? Who is responsible for the problem?

Who should be responsible for the quality problems of OEM products? The minibus consulted Chang Dongyue, the director of Shanghai Law and Craftsman Law Firm, and he thought that once the branded goods had quality problems, the brand supplier was the direct responsible person, and the processor was also liable under normal circumstances. Moreover, this is based on the quality problems of legally produced products, and it is necessary to bear civil liability.

However, more and more enterprises don’t talk about "martial arts", and many enterprises alienate OEM into pure lending brands, which is very problematic without any quality supervision on quality. In this case, if the illegal production leads to extremely bad social consequences, the brand and producer of OEM products not only need to bear civil liability, but also need to bear administrative responsibility and even criminal responsibility.

Chang Dongyue also said that the safety of food and drugs is related to people’s right to health and even life. Quality problems may cause irreversible damage to the body, and no matter how strict the quality supervision of food and drugs is. Regrettably, although China’s Food Safety Law, Drug Administration Law and Product Quality Law all stipulate product quality responsibility, the sanctions for violating food and drug safety are still too light, so that the food and drug field in China is still not safe enough. In this regard, the United States and Japan’s practice of using heavy codes to control food and drug safety is quite good and worth learning.

Relying on legal sanctions is the last step. As an enterprise, it should be its duty to abide by the rules. How can have no martial ethics, a post it?

According to Shi Lichen, the founder and strategic marketing expert of Beijing Dingchen Management Consulting Co., Ltd., OEM is not illegal, and the key is how to continue to control quality while authorizing. Whether you are OEM or OEM, consumers only know that they are buying your brand. Pharmaceutical companies should pay special attention to quality, otherwise, as the authorized products become more and more miscellaneous, the quality can not be controlled, and finally the reputation of the main business will be affected, which will not be worth the candle.

05

Difficulties and new ways for pharmaceutical companies

The advantages and disadvantages of OEM mode are very clear, and it can easily make money, but it is difficult to control the quality and the brand is easily damaged. The reason is very simple. The question is, those old pharmaceutical companies that have spent a hundred years settling down should have cherished their feathers. Why are they addicted to OEM?

Shi Lichen explained the reasons behind it: in recent years, the competition in the pharmaceutical industry has been fierce, and the operating pressure of pharmaceutical companies has increased. The old pharmaceutical companies have to find a way out. First, solve the fundamental problems and increase investment in research and development; Second, based on its own cost advantage, to achieve economies of scale. But these two roads are not easy to walk.

"In contrast, the OEM business has almost no cost and high net profit, so those pharmaceutical companies with brand awareness and strong premium ability naturally embarked on this road."

From this point of view, it is difficult for the old pharmaceutical companies to embark on the road of OEM, but this is not a long-term solution after all. Is it possible to open up a new road?

There is indeed a new road that has emerged-the field of cross-border beauty cosmetics and daily chemicals for pharmaceutical companies.

With the strong growth of functional skin care products, pharmaceutical companies such as Renhe, Pien Tze Huang, Tongrentang, Ma Yinglong, Yunnan Baiyao, Panlong Yunhai, Dong ‘e Ejiao and Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical have all set foot in the cosmetic and daily chemical industry.

Pien Tze Huang disclosed the 2020 financial report, and the company achieved operating income of 6.511 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.78%; The net profit was 1.672 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21.62%. Behind the growth, the cosmetics sector contributed a bit. Its holding subsidiary Fujian Pien Tze Huang Cosmetics Co., Ltd. achieved revenue of 611 million yuan, up 42.01% year-on-year, and net profit of 114 million yuan, up 41.23% year-on-year.

In July this year, Renhe Pharmaceutical announced that it planned to acquire 80% equity of seven cosmetics companies for 719 million yuan. One of them, Shenzhen Miura Natural Cosmetics, has been independently producing Renhe brand cosmetics, and some of the products distributed by the other six target companies come from this company.

In this regard, Shi Lichen analyzed that there is a huge Japanese industry called cosmeceuticals, which is not available in China, but we can make some functional cosmetics. Well-known pharmaceutical companies have natural advantages in making cosmetics across borders. For example, if brands can support the premium of products, they can get higher profit points. In addition, pharmaceutical companies themselves already have strong management teams, marketing teams and capital levels, which are not available to ordinary enterprises.

"The difference is nothing more than that some pharmaceutical companies, such as Renhe, have cultivated Renhe brand cosmetics related products through OEM before, and some products already have a certain market share, brand awareness and user base. At this time, it is logical to conduct mergers and acquisitions. Some pharmaceutical companies have had less involvement in this area before, so they may have to do it from scratch. "

In this way, pharmaceutical companies cross-border to make beauty cosmetics and daily chemical products. Originally, they just wanted to be a sideline through brand authorization. In the future, they may become one of their main businesses and gain new profit growth points by creating explosive IP products.

Author | Li Mengqing | Duty Editor | Zhang Wenlong

Editor | He Mengfei | Editor | Zheng Yuanmei | Tuyuan | vision china

Original title: "Old pharmaceutical companies learn from online celebrity brand. Have you ever bought such branded products? 》

Read the original text

　　The General Administration of Customs announced today (6th) that in the first half of this year, the national customs suspended the export to China of 144 food enterprises that suffered from the COVID-19 outbreak, and at the same time, returned or destroyed the risky imported food to prevent unqualified food from entering the country.

　　According to customs statistics, this year 1-mdash; In June, the national customs conducted a total of 1,098,700 samples of imported cold-chain food, animal and plant products for COVID-19 virus detection; A total of 27,114,400 imported cold-chain foods were supervised for preventive disinfection at ports.

　　Kong Xiaobang, Director of General Department of Import and Export Food Safety Bureau of General Administration of Customs:Since the outbreak of the epidemic, as of July 1st this year, we have randomly selected 296 overseas food enterprises in 60 countries and regions through remote video, and suspended the export of 144 overseas food enterprises with COVID-19 outbreak employees to China, effectively ensuring the safety of imported food in China.

　　At the same time, the customs strictly returns or destroys the imported food with risks to prevent unqualified food from entering the country. 1-mdash this year; In June, the national customs detected 1,070 batches of food that were not allowed to enter the country due to unqualified safety and hygiene items in port supervision, and all of them were returned or destroyed.

　　In addition, the customs has also enhanced the understanding of the safety of imported and exported food in various ways. Today, in addition to Hangzhou, other customs across the country have also launched the "National Food Safety Publicity Week" in 2021, with a variety of publicity, display and Q&A activities to publicize and interpret imported food safety and port food hygiene and safety laws and regulations to import and export enterprises and consumers, and strictly supervise imported food.

　　Zang Juan, Inspection Section of Qianjiang Customs Office in Yuhang, Hangzhou Customs:Consumers can first check whether the food is labeled or labeled in Chinese, and whether the product name, country of origin (region), ingredient list, production date and other information are marked on the label.

　　If there is no such Chinese label on imported food sold in the market, it can be regarded as an informal channel. Secondly, you can also ask the sellers for the Inspection and Quarantine Certificate of Entry Goods issued by the Customs or log on to the website of the General Administration of Customs to check whether the imported food meets the access requirements, so as to ensure that the imported food you buy is imported in compliance.

I. Basic information of the project

Project number: SJZGK20250234

Project Name: Dog Management Security Service of Shijiazhuang Public Security Bureau

Budget amount: 857200

Maximum price limit (if any): 857200

Procurement demand: This project mainly includes: the dog certification service center of the public security police detachment of Shijiazhuang Public Security Bureau and the dog detention center need to hire 18 security guards to provide security services, assist the police to investigate and deal with large dogs and fierce dogs that are illegally kept, take in stray dogs, carry out civilized dog-raising publicity activities, and conduct street inspections on uncivilized dog-raising behaviors.

Duration of contract performance: 12 months.

This project does not accept consortium bidding.

Second, the applicant’s qualification requirements:

1. Meet the provisions of Article 22 of the Government Procurement Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC);

2. Qualification requirements for implementing the government procurement policy: 1. This project is specially designed for small and medium-sized enterprises to purchase; 2 Other qualification requirements for implementing government procurement policies (if any): Inquire through channels such as Credit China (https://www.creditchina.gov.cn), China Government Procurement Network (http://www.ccgp.gov.cn) and China Executive Information Open Network (http://zxgk.court.gov.cn). Not included in the list of parties involved in major tax violation cases, the list of records of serious illegal and untrustworthy behaviors of government procurement, and the list of untrustworthy executors published by the Supreme People’s Court (subject to the results of the purchaser’s inquiry after the bidding deadline).

3. Specific qualification requirements for this project: None.

Third, obtain the tender documents

Time: from April 29th, 2025 to May 8th, 2025, from 00: 00 am to 12: 00 am and from 12: 00 pm to 23:59:59 pm (Beijing time, except legal holidays).

Location: Shijiazhuang public resources trading platform download, website: http://110.249.147.67/G2/, bidders should pay attention to whether the project has any correction announcement in time.

Mode: Other

Price: 0

IV. Deadline for submission of bid documents, time and place of bid opening

09: 30 May 22, 2025 (Beijing time)

Venue: Shijiazhuang Public Resource Trading Platform, website: http://110.249.147.67/G2/.

V. Announcement Period

5 working days from the date of this announcement.

VI. Other Supplementary Matters

According to the "Hebei Provincial Department of Finance Hebei Provincial Government Service Management Office on the issuance of<政府采购公开招标项目全面实行“双盲”评审实施方案>According to the relevant requirements of the Notice, this project adopts a "double-blind" review. The supplier shall make the commercial bid and the technical bid separately according to the requirements of the tender documents, and the bid evaluation committee shall review the commercial bid and the technical bid according to the requirements. Obtain bidding (procurement) documents: log on to Shijiazhuang Public Resources Trading Platform (http://110.249.147.67/G2/) and download the bidding (procurement) documents (*.HBZ). 1. Before obtaining the documents, the supplier shall register (telephone number 0311-89668589) according to the "Government Procurement Supplier Operation Manual 20210701", and consult the CA certificate business: the national public resource trading platform (Hebei Province) shall handle the CA certificate business in http://publicservice.hebpr.gov.cn:8181/. Download Path: Business Guide of Shijiazhuang Public Resource Trading Network (http://110.249.147.67/G2/)-Download Center 2. After obtaining the documents, the supplier should download the [Government Procurement] (Bidding) Document Preparation Tool 7.8.2005.2330, the "CA Certificate Driver Installation Program Download Instructions" and the "Government Procurement Response Document Preparation Tool Operation Instructions" before installing these tools. Download path: Shijiazhuang public resource trading network(http://110.249.147.67/G2/) "Business Guide"-"Download Center" Technical Tel: 0311-89868327 3. When opening bids, the supplier shall decrypt the electronic bidding (response) documents with the CA digital certificate. 4. This project is subject to "double blind" evaluation, that is, the evaluation experts are randomly selected from the provincial expert database to realize "blind selection" of the evaluation experts; The commercial bid and technical bid of bidding (response) documents are made separately, and the evaluation committee adopts the open bid evaluation and the hidden bid evaluation for the commercial bid as required, so as to realize "blind evaluation" in the evaluation process. Due to the market subject’s own reasons, the consequences caused by the failure to obtain and submit documents within the effective time shall be borne by the market subject itself.

7. For inquiries about this tender, please contact in the following ways.

1. Purchaser information

Name: Shijiazhuang Public Security Bureau

Address: No.66 Yuannan Road, Shijiazhuang

Contact information: 0311-89667000

2. Information of purchasing agency (if any)

Name: Shijiazhuang Public Resource Trading Center

Address: Xingshi Square, No.87 Shengli South Street, qiaoxi district, Shijiazhuang.

Contact: 0311-89665583

3. Contact information of the project

Project Contact: Gu Yi

Tel: 0311-89667000

VIII. Annexes

　　Li dongzeng

　　editorial comment/note

　　Recently, a case of bubonic plague was confirmed in Wulate Zhongqi, Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Subsequently, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region announced that three plague foci had been discovered, and close contacts had been observed in isolation at home. This is the second case of plague in Inner Mongolia since last November. Because there have been many plagues in human history, many people turn pale at the sight of them. In fact, today, through effective preventive isolation measures and treatment, plague has long been less terrible. In this issue, we will introduce the spread characteristics and prevention methods of this disease in detail.

　　one

　　The infectivity of different plague is high or low.

　　There are three common types of plague, namely bubonic plague, pneumonic plague and septicemic plague. Plague is usually transmitted from animals to people through rat fleas biting the skin. After a rat flea carrying Yersinia pestis bites a person, Yersinia pestis invades the body from the skin and first reaches the nearest lymph node, causing inflammation of the lymph node, which leads to high fever and swollen lymph nodes. The swollen lymph nodes can be felt from pigeon eggs to the size of eggs, which is bubonic plague.

　　If patients with bubonic plague are not treated in time, swollen lymph nodes may fester and rupture. These pus are also contagious and may be infected if they are touched. Yersinia pestis may also spread to the blood and lungs, becoming septicemic plague and pneumonic plague.

　　Pneumonic plague developed from bubonic plague is called secondary pneumonic plague, and patients with pneumonic plague will have severe pneumonia. There is Yersinia pestis in the respiratory secretions of patients with pneumonic plague, which is highly contagious. Others will be infected after inhalation. People who inhale Yersinia pestis from the respiratory tract can directly suffer from pneumonic plague, which is called primary pneumonic plague. Whether it is primary pneumonic plague or secondary pneumonic plague, the manifestations are similar, and they all have the ability of respiratory transmission. Plague spread from person to person is mainly pneumonic plague.

　　Bubonic plague is the most common, but the risk is lower than pneumonic plague, and it is generally not contagious. However, patients with pneumonic plague are highly contagious, and the mortality rate is relatively high if they are not treated in time.

　　When Yersinia pestis spreads into the blood from lymph nodes or lungs, it may become septicemic plague. Septic plague is rare, but it is the most dangerous and has a high mortality rate. If the patient is not rescued in time, he may die within 1 to 3 days after onset. Septic plague appears ecchymosis because of bleeding under the skin, and the skin is purple-black. Therefore, it was called "Black Death" after the outbreak of plague in medieval Europe.

　　2

　　There is little chance of infection without entering the epidemic focus.

　　The main sources of infection of plague are rats and other rodents, and in China, it is mainly Rattus and Marmota. Other animals such as rabbits, foxes, wolves, camels and some domestic animals such as cats, dogs and sheep can also become sources of infection. The spread of plague among animals is mainly due to being bitten by rats and fleas.

　　Plague itself is spread among animals. There are 12 types of plague natural foci in China, distributed in 19 provinces, and animals in these natural foci may carry Yersinia pestis. Under normal circumstances, plague will not infect humans, but some people are at risk of being infected because of their professional needs or because of travel and exploration. Therefore, the staff in pastoral areas are often high-risk people infected with plague. People who enter pastoral areas are most likely to be bitten by rat fleas in the lower limbs, so the most common symptom of bubonic plague is swelling and pain of inguinal lymph nodes. There are also some people who enter the plague natural focus because of hunting or traveling, and they are also at risk of infection after contacting animals. If you strip animals suffering from plague, you may be infected by rat flea bites, or you may be infected by skin wounds touching the blood and body fluids of sick animals. Plague infected by stripping animals is more common in axillary and cervical lymph nodes of upper limbs.

　　If ordinary people do not enter the natural focus of plague, there is little chance of being infected with plague, and rats in urban areas usually do not carry Yersinia pestis. If you plan to travel to the plague natural focus, you must know the local plague situation in advance, try to keep a distance from wild animals, and don’t get in touch with the woodchuck when you see it. When entering the grassland, try to wear long trousers and gloves, avoid being bitten by rats and fleas, don’t sit and roll on the grassland, don’t picnic and camp on the grassland, and try to reduce the risk of infection.

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　　Symptoms and treatment after plague infection

　　People infected with plague have different symptoms according to different types. The common characteristics of plague patients are rapid onset, repeated high fever, chills, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat and severe headache. The symptoms of bubonic plague are mainly swelling and pain of lymph nodes, mainly groin, armpit and neck, which are generally unilateral swelling and pain. Patients dare not move easily when the pain is severe. The bubonic plague may be misdiagnosed as other causes of lymph node swelling and pain, such as acute lymphadenitis, lymphadenopathy caused by filariasis, tuberculosis of lymph nodes, etc., but other diseases with lymphadenopathy usually start slowly and develop less rapidly than bubonic plague.

　　Pneumonic plague is characterized by severe chest pain, cough, expectoration, hemoptysis, dyspnea and wheezing. Pneumonic plague is easily misdiagnosed as common bacterial pneumonia or viral pneumonia, so it needs to be distinguished from other pulmonary infection diseases, including lobar pneumonia, pneumonia secondary to influenza, novel coronavirus and so on.

　　Septic plague can be characterized by high fever, no increase in body temperature, unconsciousness, confusion and even coma, extensive bleeding, ecchymosis, cyanosis and necrosis of the skin, and some patients’ bodies are purple and black after death. Septic plague is easily misdiagnosed as coma and shock caused by other reasons, such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, septicemia caused by epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, epidemic Japanese encephalitis spread by mosquito bites, shock caused by staphylococcus aureus or streptococcus infection, etc.

　　After people are infected with plague, the disease can be effectively controlled through timely drug treatment. At present, the treatment of plague is mainly antibacterial treatment, supplemented by symptomatic support treatment. Antibacterial treatment refers to the use of antibiotics to sterilize. Streptomycin is the most effective antibiotic against Yersinia pestis, especially in the treatment of pneumonic plague, mainly by intramuscular injection, which can be injected continuously for 10 days. Gentamicin can also be used in the case of human infection with plague. Tetracycline has bacteriostatic effect, which is effective for mild patients. It can be taken orally or used together with other antibiotics. Sulfonamides are widely used in the treatment and prevention of plague. Sulfonamides are the earliest synthetic antibacterial drugs, which have good curative effect on plague, and they are easy to use, stable in nature and low in price. Symptomatic support therapy refers to helping patients recover as soon as possible by means of antipyretic analgesia, anti-shock, respiratory support and nutritional support.

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　　What should I do if I find a mouse at home?

　　Domestic hamsters and rabbits usually don’t have access to wild animals, and animals don’t naturally carry infectious diseases. Without the source of infection, they won’t be infected, so there is no need to worry about domestic hamsters and rabbits catching plague. However, rats, rabbits and other animals do have a lot of bacteria in their mouths. After being bitten, it is necessary to disinfect the wound in time to avoid bacterial infection. If the wound shows signs of infection such as redness, swelling, pain and skin color change, you need to seek medical attention in time.

　　Families find that rats need to be scientifically killed. The first is to clean up the dead corners and garbage in time to reduce the living space of rats. Secondly, try to block all the passages that mice may enter and leave the room, such as air-conditioning pipe holes and sewer holes, so that mice have nowhere to hide and can’t enter the room. Around houses, corridors and other areas, compliant rat traps, rat boards and rat poison can be placed in places where rats are infested, and eye-catching signs should be made at the same time to prevent others, especially children, from accidentally contacting rat poison.

　　Don’t put snacks in the house at will. The food and all kinds of food in the house should be stored out of the reach of mice. If conditions permit, community managers should invite professional rodent control companies to carry out rodent control in a unified way to improve efficiency. If you find dead rats at home, don’t touch them with your bare hands to avoid being bitten by rats and fleas. You can wear long trousers, masks and gloves, collect the dead rats in sealed plastic bags, and contact the community property management department to dispose of the dead animals.

　　Plague prevention includes bubonic plague prevention and pneumonic plague prevention. The bubonic plague is mainly caused by the bites of rats and fleas on animals, so the prevention of bubonic plague by ordinary people is mainly to avoid contact with animals in the natural focus of plague, and to prevent rats and fleas. If you must enter the epidemic area, you can wear long trousers, boots and gloves, and try not to expose your skin to avoid being bitten by rats and fleas.

　　During the tour, everyone should try not to touch wild animals, including wild animal carcasses. Don’t buy wild animals. If you find dead animals on the roadside, you should report them to the local health and disease control departments in time.

　　If you are just traveling, you can do these preventive measures well, and you don’t need to use drugs in advance to prevent it. If you are bitten by rat fleas in areas with plague, or have close contact with patients with pneumonic plague without protection, you can use tetracycline, doxycycline, sulfanilamide and other drugs to prevent it. (Author: Deputy Chief Physician, Department 2, Infection Center, Beijing You ‘an Hospital)