In order to do a good job in the vaccination work in Covid-19 of the whole army, further popularize the vaccination knowledge, and ensure that the vaccination work of the whole army is scientific, rigorous, safe and standardized, and vigorously and orderly and effectively promoted, recently, the reporter interviewed experts related to the joint prevention and control mechanism of the army in response to public health emergencies.

Reporter: What is Covid-19 vaccine and what kinds are there at present?

Expert: Covid-19 vaccine, called novel coronavirus preventive vaccine, is an innovative vaccine to prevent and control diseases caused by Covid-19 infection. Domestic Covid-19 vaccine research and development technologies are mainly divided into five types, namely: inactivated vaccine, adenovirus vector vaccine, attenuated influenza virus vector vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine. Up to now, there are four kinds of vaccines in China, such as inactivated vaccines from Sinopharm Group Co., Ltd. "Zhongsheng Wuhan" and "Zhongsheng Beijing", inactivated vaccines from Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and adenovirus vector vaccine developed by Academy of Military Sciences and Kangxinuo Company, which have been approved for conditional listing. The recombinant protein vaccine jointly developed by Institute of Microbiology of China Academy of Sciences and Anhui Zhifeilong Kema Company agreed to be used urgently after evaluation and demonstration.

Reporter: Is it necessary for the general population to get novel coronavirus vaccine?

Expert: novel coronavirus is a new virus, and almost everyone is susceptible to novel coronavirus, so it is very necessary to get vaccinated. As a group that needs to perform all kinds of tasks at any time, military personnel should be vaccinated except for contraindications.

Reporter: What are the main features of recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) compared with other COVID-19 vaccines approved by China?

Expert: At present, COVID-19 inactivated vaccine needs to be vaccinated twice in the whole process, and it is recommended that the interval between two doses should not be less than 28 days. Those who need to complete the whole process of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine as soon as possible because of going abroad or working in high-risk areas can be vaccinated twice with COVID-19 inactivated vaccine at the shortest interval specified in the vaccine instructions; The recombinant protein vaccine jointly developed by Institute of Microbiology, China Academy of Sciences and Anhui Zhifeilong Kema Company needs to be inoculated three times. Inoculation is to make the antibody reach a certain level to resist the disease. Generally speaking, inactivated vaccines need to be vaccinated many times, and the immunity should be strengthened regularly to achieve sufficient antibody titer in the body. The first vaccination usually does not provide protection, and the protective immune response usually occurs after the second dose of vaccination.

Recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) only needs to be inoculated with one dose, which can produce cellular immunity and humoral immunity after 14 days of inoculation, providing double protection for human body. It is the only single-dose COVID-19 vaccine approved for use in China.

Reporter: What is the principle of adenovirus vector technology?

Expert: human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) is a common respiratory virus. After being modified, Ad5 will not replicate in human body. Insert the gene encoding Covid-19 spike protein (S protein) into Ad5 vector, which is equivalent to rocket and S protein gene is equivalent to satellite. The vector carries the S protein gene into human cells to synthesize Covid-19 S protein, and S protein is used as antigen to stimulate the immune response of the body. Only Covid-19’s S protein enters the human body, and there are no other Covid-19 components.

Reporter: What is the protective effect of recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) and its protective effect on Covid-19 mutant?

Expert: At present, the data of global phase III clinical trials show that after 14 days of single injection of recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector), the protective effect on severe COVID-19 is 95.5%, and the overall protective effect on all symptoms of COVID-19 is 68.8%. The results of neutralizing antibody cross experiment showed that the vaccine had protective effect on Covid-19 mutant.

Reporter: How safe is the vaccine in Covid-19?

Expert: Covid-19 vaccines, like other vaccines, have a series of safeguards for quality and safety management, and there are clear requirements in the process of vaccine research and development and production. Vaccines must undergo strict animal experiments and clinical research before they are registered, and a strict batch issuance system should be implemented before they are used. Therefore, the vaccines approved by the state for marketing are all safe and effective to meet the qualified standards.

The recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) was approved for conditional marketing in National Medical Products Administration based on the results of Phase III clinical trials conducted by more than 40,000 people in five foreign countries, and the vaccine was safe. Up to now, hundreds of thousands of people have been vaccinated, and no serious adverse reactions related to vaccination have been found.

Reporter: What are the main adverse reactions that may occur after the recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) is inoculated?

Expert: Like any other vaccine, there may be some common adverse reactions after inoculation with recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector). After summarizing all the adverse reactions collected in the clinical trials of phase I, II and III vaccines and in emergency use, the common adverse reactions at the inoculation site are pain, swelling, itching, erythema and induration. Common systemic adverse reactions include fever, headache, fatigue, myalgia, lethargy, nausea and diarrhea. The severity of adverse reactions observed in this series of clinical trials is mainly Grade 1 (mild), and the incidence of adverse reactions of Grade 3 and above is 7.40%. For those with fever, antipyretic drugs can be taken, and other common adverse reactions generally do not need special treatment, and usually can be relieved within 48 hours. If the symptoms are serious or you can’t judge the severity by yourself, you should seek medical advice in time.

Reporter: Who are the people who are not allowed to vaccinate in Covid-19?

Expert: Vaccination contraindications for vaccines in Covid-19 must be strictly observed in Covid-19’s vaccine instructions. Usually, people who are seriously allergic to vaccines or any ingredients in vaccines are contraindicated. For patients with fever, acute diseases and acute authors of chronic diseases, they generally belong to the object of suspension of vaccination.

Reporter: Can people in allergic period be vaccinated with recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector)?

Expert: Allergy is an important factor for doctors to consider when vaccinating. People who are allergic to vaccines or vaccine ingredients and have had allergic reactions to vaccination in the past are not suitable for vaccination; People with other serious allergic history (such as asthma, severe eczema, etc.) are not recommended to be vaccinated; For allergic people with pollen allergy, nasal congestion, runny nose or slight rash, it is recommended to stagger the allergic period, and the mild symptoms can be vaccinated according to the doctor’s advice.

Reporter: Can cancer patients and people with chronic diseases be vaccinated with recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector)?

Expert: People with nervous system diseases and immune system diseases are not suitable for vaccination. Basic patients such as diabetes and hypertension that can be controlled by drugs can be vaccinated during the stable period. For cancer patients, it is necessary to consult oncologists and determine whether they can be vaccinated according to the drug use.

Reporter: What are the precautions before and after Covid-19 vaccination?

Expert: Before vaccination, the vaccination doctor will ask about the health status, please tell the relevant information truthfully; After the inoculation is completed, it is necessary to keep on-site observation for 30 minutes, keep the injection site dry on the day of inoculation, pay attention to personal hygiene and arrange rest properly; Avoid contact with previously known allergens and common allergens within one week after inoculation, and try not to drink alcohol, eat spicy food or seafood. It is recommended to have a light diet and drink plenty of water.

Reporter: If there are serious adverse reactions after vaccination with Covid-19 vaccine, how should I report and handle them?

Expert: According to past experience, acute adverse reactions after vaccination usually appear within 30 minutes after vaccination. Please keep under observation as required and inform the doctor at the vaccination site in time. If there are serious adverse reactions after leaving the inoculation site, you should seek medical treatment in time and report to the doctor at the inoculation site.

Reporter: How long is the immune persistence of Covid-19 vaccine? Is it necessary to strengthen immunization?

Expert: At present, the immunization program of recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) is one dose, and the observation of immune persistence after single dose vaccination is still in progress. The current data prove that it is effective within at least 6 months. Previously, the vaccine research and development team observed the immune persistence of Ebola vaccine using the same adenovirus vector technology and found that it still had a high antibody level after two years of inoculation.

Reporter: Can recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) and inactivated COVID-19 vaccine be used together?

Expert: At present, there is no relevant information about alternative vaccination and combined application. Please refer to the national policy guidance and COVID-19 vaccine instructions.

Reporter: Will nasopharyngeal swab test positive for nucleic acid after inoculation with recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector)?

Expert: No. The nucleic acid test is Covid-19 gene, and the current vaccine will not cause COVID-19, nor will it make Covid-19 nucleic acid test positive because of vaccination.

Reporter: Can Covid-19 vaccine be inoculated with other vaccines such as HPV vaccine, influenza vaccine and rabies vaccine?

Expert: It is not recommended to vaccinate with other vaccines at the same time. It is recommended to vaccinate with other vaccines at least 2 weeks apart to minimize unexpected interaction, and at the same time, it is necessary to closely observe the reaction after vaccination.

Reporter: Is it necessary to vaccinate people who have had COVID-19 or who have no symptoms?

Expert: The existing research data show that it is rare to get reinfected in Covid-19 within 6 months after infection. Previous COVID-19 virus-infected people (patients or asymptomatic infected people) can receive one dose after 6 months on the basis of full notification.

Reporter: Do I still need to wear a mask after Covid-19 vaccination?

Expert: Before the population immune barrier is established, even if some people are vaccinated, everyone’s awareness of prevention and control and prevention measures cannot be relaxed. On the one hand, the success rate of vaccine immunization is not 100%, and a small number of vaccinated people may get sick during the epidemic period, which is related to the characteristics of the vaccine itself and the personal physique of the recipients; On the other hand, in the absence of an immune barrier, Covid-19 is still easy to spread.

Reporter: Do you need to check the antibody production? How to check the antibody? If it is negative, do you need to replant?

Expert: It is not recommended to check antibodies. The production of specific antibodies in human body is generally obtained by natural infection or vaccination. It is suggested that anyone who meets the vaccination conditions should be vaccinated as long as they are not clearly infected with Covid-19 or have suffered from COVID-19, and there is no need to test antibodies before and after vaccination.

Reporter: Do you still need to do nucleic acid testing after Covid-19 vaccination?

Expert: Vaccination can reduce the risk of infection to a certain extent, but the protective effect of any vaccine can not reach 100%. If necessary, we should still cooperate with relevant departments to carry out nucleic acid testing.

CCTV News:According to the requirements of the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council, Yinchuan started a large-scale nucleic acid detection at 9: 00 on the 23rd. As of 19: 30 on the 25th, a total of 2,057,631 people were sampled in three districts under the jurisdiction of Yinchuan City, and 2,049,831 people were detected, accounting for 99.62%, all of which were negative.

Tourists stranded in Ningxia began to return yesterday.

After three special tourist trains originating from Ejina Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region stayed in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for many days, 1943 passengers on the special trains began to return on the 25th. On October 19th, these three special tourist trains originating from Ejina Banner in Inner Mongolia passed through Ningxia. Considering the high risk of epidemic spread, the passengers on the special trains were temporarily observed in Ningxia.

These passengers are mainly elderly tourists, the oldest of whom is 86 years old and the youngest is only 2 years old. In order to do a good job of security, Ningxia has set up special work classes, which are arranged in 13 hotels in Shizuishan, zhongwei and lingwu city. On the 25th, the stranded passengers completed five nucleic acid tests, all of which were negative, and 1943 passengers finally continued their return journey on the tourist train.

Phoenix Network Technology News (Author/Jia Nan) On November 17th, the Qualcomm Snapdragon Summit held in Hawaii entered the second day. Following the release of the second generation Snapdragon 8 mobile platform yesterday, today’s content will mainly focus on terminal platforms other than smart phones. For the augmented reality (AR) platform, Qualcomm launched the first generation AR2 platform in Snapdragon, and the next generation CPU core Oryon in Qualcomm.

As a part of Qualcomm’s augmented reality product, the first generation Snapdragon AR2 was manufactured by 4nm process, and adopted multi-chip distributed processing architecture and customized IP modules, including an AR processor, an AR coprocessor and a connection platform. On the basis that the space occupied by the main processor is reduced by 40% compared with the previous first-generation Snapdragon XR2 platform, the AR performance of the first-generation Snapdragon AR2 is improved by 2.5 times, while the power consumption is reduced by 50%, and the power consumption of AR glasses is allowed to be less than 1W.

At the same time, through this platform, AR devices can classify data: delay-sensitive content such as games and videos will be directly sent to head-mounted devices for processing, while other more complex data requirements will be handed over to compatible devices such as smartphones and PCs equipped with Opteron processors.

As an AR processor, the first generation Snapdragon AR2 supports up to nine concurrent cameras for user and environment understanding. At the same time, the perceptual performance of its hardware acceleration engine, AI accelerator and re-projection engine has also been improved. The AR coprocessor included in the platform can support eye tracking and iris authentication for visual focus rendering by aggregating camera and sensor data.

In terms of connectivity, the first generation of Snapdragon AR2 platform integrates the FastConnect 7800 connection system of Qualcomm and supports the connection of Wi-Fi 7. Officials say that it can reduce the time between AR glasses and mobile phones or host terminals to less than 2 milliseconds.

In addition to the first generation Snapdragon AR2 platform, Qualcomm also released the second generation Qualcomm S5 audio platform and the second generation Qualcomm S3 audio platform. Both of them support the Snapdragon Sound high unobstructed listening technology, and are optimized for the second generation Snapdragon 8 mobile platform, supporting dynamic spatial audio, lossless music streaming, 48ms low delay, LE Audio and the third generation Qualcomm adaptive active noise reduction technology.

In addition, Qualcomm also announced its next-generation CPU core in Snapdragon platform-ORYON, which is expected to be delivered in 2023.

1905 movie network news The film will be released nationwide on May 10th, and the pre-sale has been fully opened. As the world’s first real-life movie, its visual effects, actors’ acting skills and production team are all excellent, and the 35mm film is actually filmed as "Pikachu, a breathing detective". Today’s exposure of six cute spots makes people have to watch.　

Aspect 1: the breakthrough of the secondary wall perfectly restores the image of Bao Kemeng.

Bao Kemeng becomes vivid! Detectives Pikachu, Koda Duck, Squirtle, Ludicolo, Spitfire Dragon, Bulbasaur, Charmander, Blue, Jigglypuff, Aipom, Big Tongue Monster, Magic Wall Doll and other high-profile "cute" appearances. Not only is it a collection of the "three imperial schools in the first generation", but even the hidden super dream is cool, and it plays a decisive role in the film. Pokémon Detective Pikachu spent a year designing the characters before shooting, with rob letterman directing, John Mathieson, a two-time Oscar-nominated photographer, in charge of the mirror, the animation team and other top teams in the world at the helm, and even invited the original game illustrator Sugimoto. There are also many artists and designers joining in, referring to a large number of detailed materials, making detailed design of the size, shape and attributes of the detective Pikachu and his Bao Kemeng companions in strict accordance with equal proportions, from the subtle reduction of nails and fur to the transition from two-dimensional to three-dimensional. The animation director of the film, Phelan Domenico, said: "We don’t want these creatures to look too cartoon, so we look for natural references and need a lot of animators to build them from the inside out. They must look and move like they have weight. " After watching it, the audience also commented, "It really satisfies all the fantasies of Baokemeng lovers! "real-name registration system’s performance was corona in the movie."

Aspect 2: the wonderful new world is immersive, and Lyme City has a strong sense of substitution

In order to create a lifelike real-life world with a mixture of virtual and reality, Pokémon Detective Pikachu has spent a lot of time on building a surreal world, Lyme City. The skyline and signs digitally realized in urban buildings blur the exact location. Classic black is selected to match the texture of Pokémon Detective Pikachu’s films: cold and dark, the diagonal lines of neon lights are reflected in the rainy streets, and the strange shadows around every corner bring a little excitement or danger. There are not only familiar scenes of high-rise buildings, but also unknown and international elements. Realism and strong stylization complement each other. Nigel Phelps, the production designer, revealed that Letterman wanted a modern metropolis with both familiar and unknown international elements, which should be suitable for everyone. "Based on London, we finally established a place where new york, Tokyo and London are combined. Because Baokemeng is so colorful. " All these make the world of Pocahontas on the big screen within reach, and bring the audience an immersive viewing experience: "There is a hole in the sky, which friends of all ages want to’ go and see’."

Aspect 3: 3D CG new benchmark 35mm film real shot "Pikachu, a breathing detective"

Rob letterman, the director, innovatively uses 35mm film and uses real-life shooting as much as possible to make the world of Pocahontas more delicate and real. Photographer John Mathieson believes that film shooting has a visual advantage. "This is an exciting creative concept. It seems that the world of Baokemeng is alive and real. " Ryan Reynolds, who plays the voice, also shouted: "I used to work in CG movies, but I have never seen this kind of interaction on this scale, which is very special. When you see this completely virtual, vivid and breathing Pikachu on the screen, you will feel that you can reach out and touch him and hug him. " The audience who saw it also shouted: "Pokémon Detective Pikachu is not only a film that can be recognized by the original fans, but the producer’s full love for Baokemeng successfully depicts the real world of Baokemeng. Did not live up to such a long expectation, it can be said to be a masterpiece. This film will become the industry benchmark for live-action 3D CG movies in the future. " Some media also commented: "Pokémon Detective Pikachu is a Baoke Dream movie that introduces the fictional biological potential of Baoke Dream into the new field of live-action version. In particular, Pikachu, a detective in the movie, is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and makes the audience crazy. "

Aspect 4: The strength of all the staff gathered in Ryan Reynolds and Lei Jiayin, and the strength of Shuanglei was better than Meng.

Pokémon Detective Pikachu gathered Ryan Reynolds, Lei Jiayin, Justine Smith, kathryn newton and other leading actors, Ken Watanabe, bill nighy and other global powerful actors. The flash of DJ lens in Lianbao Kemeng Fight Club was actually a guest appearance of DJ Diplo who won Grammy music awards for many times. The fluffy detective, with a wonderful acting award, is exquisite. In the scene of interrogating the magic wall doll, Tim and detective Pikachu need to "decode" the "silent language" of the magic wall doll. For this reason, the film also hired the famous New Zealand mime and action comedian Tryggve Wakashow to direct the animator’s production and Justis’ performance. "Even if the image of detective Pikachu changes a little, the actor’s performance will have to be repeated." Director rob letterman revealed, "At the same time, the voice of a rough, middle-aged man will be stuffed into a small, lovable body, which will be very comic. The actor can not only perform comedies, but also master more emotional scenes. Ryan and detective Pikachu feel very natural together, and at the same time take the role to another level. When he joined the group to cooperate with Justis, they brought out the witty, charming and humorous side of their relationship. "Ryan Reynolds performed Pikachu, a great detective, with his wit and generous humor, and vividly displayed the character’s personality.

Lei Jiayin’s dubbing feature also amused the director. The audience who watched the film recognized their performance very much. SherazFarooq, a netizen of ComicBook Debate, a fan platform of superhero comics, praised them: "I was deeply impressed by Pokémon Detective Pikachu’s excellent visual effects and Ryan’s charming performance. This film has great potential to open up a new heavyweight movie IP. " Netizens who have seen Chinese dubbing also said: "The only Hollywood blockbuster that wants to see Mandarin dubbing! Chinese and English double brush reservation. "

Aspect 5: the long-term love of companionship is decompressed and cured, and all unhappy things are forgotten.

Pokémon Detective Pikachu’s unimaginable world of dreams and touching stories have also captured the hearts of global audiences. In the film, Tim teamed up with detective Pikachu to explore the case and embarked on an adventure. On the way, he also gained new insights on his father, friendship and courage, and felt the power of "second chance".

As one of the producers, Legendary Pictures Kyle Beuter said frankly, "Our film is a story about the magic in your life. No matter who you are, we have all been knocked down, and sometimes it is difficult to recover. This is when Tim went to Lyme. He didn’t want anything to enter his mind. But he established a friendship with the hopeful detective Pikachu, which made him try to find his father wholeheartedly. On the other hand, this is a very inspiring story about the relationship between father and son. It is never too late to get a second chance to make up with my father! When children who collect cards as children grow up, they begin to understand their unique connection with their Pockmarked Partners. So this is a big theme, but it also implies the essence of this IP. " Director rob letterman also said with emotion, "For Pokémon Detective Pikachu, we hope to create stories about the common feelings of human beings based on a great game blueprint. If you put the right things together, it is a kind of magic to make movies that make audiences all over the world feel interesting and lovely. " This also resonated with the audience: "The movie is so cute. Every move and style is full of determination, but inside it tells the importance of parent-child relationship. The love between father and son is the foundation to overcome everything! Too family fun! " "After reading all the unpleasant things, forget them all."

Aspect 6: Meng Li swept the global opening, and the word-of-mouth burst "breaking the spell of travel reform"

Pokémon Detective Pikachu received rave reviews after the word-of-mouth of overseas social media was lifted. On May 3rd, Pokémon Detective Pikachu premiered in Japan, and the real-time box office ranked second, and Yahoo scored 4.1 points. More than 3.9 points in the world-famous "Fulian 4" and the third place in the box office in a single day. Rotten tomatoes 70%, IMDB score 8.0, IGN score 8.0, the largest game entertainment media in the world. Among the numerous media evaluations, there are many praises such as "Breaking the curse of the game adaptation movie", "Looking forward to the most family fun of the year", "Visual spectacle" and "Exquisite performance". The American "Hollywood Report" commented: "Both Bao Kemeng fans and non-Bao Kemeng can gain happiness here." The British "Guardian" commented: "Ryan was cleverly chosen as the voice, which turned this seemingly dull Poké mon movie into an interesting visual feast for family fun." He Xiaoqin, a media person, said: "From Japanese TV animation, one of the most recognized IP images in the world, to American 3D moving movies, this film is the most successful form transformation. In short, it is good for Baokemeng to be responsible for being cute and cured. " Pokémon Detective Pikachu’s power circle powder is global, which is expected to detonate the hottest "Meng" point this summer!

Pokémon Detective Pikachu, a Hollywood live-action film, is directed by rob letterman, with Ryan Reynolds as the voice and Lei Jiayin as the voice in Chinese, starring Justine Smith, kathryn newton, chris geere, suki waterhouse, Josette Simon, Rita Ola and Rob Delaney, with Watanabe and Bill Nye as the special actors. The film is adapted from Nintendo’s 3DS game of the same name and will be released nationwide on May 10th.

In order to further improve residents’ health literacy and promote the healthy development of the whole society, yesterday morning, the Municipal Aiwei Office held a special publicity campaign for the 36th Patriotic Health Month.

At the event site, the Social Affairs Bureau of Yuntai Mountain Scenic Area organized medical staff in the jurisdiction to conduct on-site free clinics and distributed more than 1,000 health guidance manuals. At the same time, through children’s basketball exercises, cheerleading exercises, old-age health balls, children’s poetry readings and other popular ways to promote health concepts to the public and popularize health knowledge.

Patriotic health campaign is not only related to the health of the broad masses of people, but also an important symbol of a city’s civilization and social progress. Over the years, our city has always adhered to the people-centered development idea, constantly strengthened the construction of health infrastructure, improved the level of medical services, and strived to create a healthy, safe and livable living environment for the citizens.

In this Patriotic Health Month, our city will organize a series of colorful activities around the theme of "Healthy Town and Healthy Weight". I hope that through rich activities, the general public and friends will actively participate in the patriotic health month, starting from me, starting from now, and starting from the small things around us to jointly create a healthy, beautiful and livable urban environment.

　　According to the report of Jiangxi Health and Health Commission, from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on November 6, Jiangxi Province reported 1 newly confirmed local case (clinical classification is common), 4 newly asymptomatic infected persons and 1 newly discharged. From October 30th to November 6th at 24: 00, the province reported 10 locally confirmed cases, 22 asymptomatic infected cases, and 2 cases were cured and discharged. There are 8 confirmed cases and 22 asymptomatic infected cases, all of which are treated in isolation in designated hospitals.

　　By 24: 00 on November 6, 2021, the province had reported 940 locally confirmed cases, 931 discharged cases and 1 death case.

　　From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on November 6, 2021, there was no new report of confirmed cases imported from novel coronavirus in Jiangxi Province. As of 24: 00 on November 6, 2021, the province has reported a total of 7 cases of imported confirmed cases and related cases, 7 cases of discharged cases, and no confirmed cases imported from overseas.

　　Newly confirmed case: Yang Moumou, male, now living in Gexianshan Town, Qianshan County, is a close contact of Peng Mousheng, a confirmed case diagnosed on November 4. On November 6th, it was positive by nucleic acid test, and it was transferred to a designated hospital for isolation treatment. Based on the results of epidemic history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging examination, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case, and the clinical classification was common.

　　New asymptomatic infected person 1: Lin Moumou, male, now living in Gexianshan Town, Lead Mountain County, is a close contact of the confirmed case Lin Moumou diagnosed on October 30 and the asymptomatic infected person Lin Moumou diagnosed on November 3. On November 6th, it was positive by nucleic acid test, and it was transferred to a designated hospital for isolation treatment. Based on the results of epidemic history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging examination, it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　New asymptomatic infected person 2: Peng Moumou, male, now living in Gexianshan Town, Lead Mountain County, is a close contact of the confirmed case Peng Mousheng diagnosed on November 4. On November 6th, it was positive by nucleic acid test, and it was transferred to a designated hospital for isolation treatment. Based on the results of epidemic history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging examination, it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　New asymptomatic infected person 3: Liao Moumou, female, now living in Beimen Street, Xinzhou District, was found by screening for all the nucleic acid tests, and is being traced back to the source. On November 6th, it was positive by nucleic acid test, and it was transferred to a designated hospital for isolation treatment. Based on the results of epidemic history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging examination, it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　New asymptomatic infected person 4: Chen Moumou, female, now living in Xuri Street, Guangxin District, is a close contact of the asymptomatic infected person Chen Moumou diagnosed on November 2. On November 6th, it was positive by nucleic acid test, and it was transferred to a designated hospital for isolation treatment. Based on the results of epidemic history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and imaging examination, it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　The above-mentioned newly confirmed cases, close contacts of asymptomatic infected persons and close contacts of close contacts have all taken control measures such as centralized isolation medical observation. At present, epidemiological investigation, laboratory testing and close contact tracking are being further carried out, and accurate control measures are taken for relevant areas.

Yuefu [2014] No.6

Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing Air Pollution in Guangdong Province

Notice of Prevention and Control Action Plan (2014-2017)

People’s governments at the local level and listed, people’s governments of counties (cities, districts), departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　The Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Guangdong Province (2014-2017) is hereby printed and distributed to you, please earnestly organize its implementation.

people’s government of guangdong province

February 7, 2014

Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control in Guangdong Province

(2014-2017)

　　This action plan is formulated to implement the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control (Guo Fa [2013] No.37) and the Letter of Responsibility for Air Pollution Prevention and Control Targets in Guangdong Province signed by the provincial government and the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and to continuously improve the ambient air quality in the whole province.

　　I. Work objectives

　　By 2017, strive to fine particulate matter (PM) in the Pearl River Delta region_2.5) The average annual concentration is the first to reach the standard in the national key control areas. The air quality in the province has obviously improved, the heavily polluted weather has been greatly reduced, and the number of excellent days has increased year by year. The inhalable particulate matter (PM) in the province₁₀The average annual concentration is 10% lower than that in 2012, and the sulfur dioxide (SO) in cities in the Pearl River Delta region₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and the average annual concentration of inhalable particles reach the standard; The average annual concentration of fine particles in the Pearl River Delta region is about 15% lower than that in 2012, and ozone (O_three) the pollution situation has improved; Compared with the average annual concentration of fine particles in 2012, Guangzhou, Foshan (including Shunde District) and Dongguan decreased by 20%, while Shenzhen, Zhongshan, Jiangmen and Zhaoqing decreased by 15%. The average annual concentration of fine particles in Zhuhai and Huizhou does not exceed 35 μ g/m3; The ambient air quality of cities outside the Pearl River Delta region meets the requirements of national standards, with the average annual concentration of inhalable particulate matter not exceeding 60 μ g/m3 and fine particulate matter not exceeding 35 μ g/m3.

　　Second, the key tasks

　　(1) Deepen the treatment of industrial sources and promote desulfurization and denitrification.

　　1. Further promote pollution reduction of power plants. Strengthen the emission reduction of sulfur dioxide in power plants, and no desulfurization bypass shall be set for new thermal power units. Before the end of 2014, all desulfurization facilities of coal-fired units in the province will cancel the flue gas bypass; We will promote the transformation of coal-fired units in the furnace desulfurization process, and upgrade the desulfurization facilities that cannot meet the emission standards stably. By 2015, the comprehensive desulfurization rate of all coal-fired thermal power units with a capacity of more than 125,000 kilowatts in the province will reach over 95%. Promote the project of nitrogen reduction and denitrification in power plants, and popularize the dry low-nitrogen combustion technology of gas-fired units. By the end of 2014, all the coal-fired thermal power units (excluding circulating fluidized bed boiler generating units) in service in the province with more than 125,000 kilowatts have completed the transformation of low-nitrogen combustion and flue gas denitrification, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler generating units that cannot stably meet the emission standards should increase the flue gas denitrification facilities, and the comprehensive denitrification efficiency will reach over 85%. From July 1, 2014, all coal-fired units in the Pearl River Delta region will implement the special emission limit of smoke and dust in the Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants (GB13223—2011), and other regions will implement the emission limit of smoke and dust.

　　2. Comprehensively promote boiler pollution control. In strict accordance with the requirements of the Notice of the General Office of the People’s Government of Guangdong Province on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Total Emission Reduction of Major Pollutants in the Second Half of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan of Guangdong Province (Guangdong Government Office [2013] No.47), we will promote the pollution control of industrial boilers and complete the control task. Actively promote the central heating in industrial (industrial) parks, complete the central heating planning of industrial parks and industrial clusters in the whole province before the end of April 2014, cancel the highly polluting fuel boilers used in the central heating range, and accelerate the planning and construction of central heating projects in Dongguan, Zhaoqing, Zhongshan and other cities. Before the end of 2015, the industrial (industrial) parks with useful heat demand in the Pearl River Delta region will basically realize central heating, and the central heating volume in the province will account for about 30% of the total heating scale; Before the end of 2017, all the industrial (industrial) parks with useful heat demand in the province and the industrial clusters with useful heat demand in the Pearl River Delta region will realize central heating, and the central heating volume in the province accounts for about 80% of the total heating scale.

　　3. Strengthen comprehensive pollution control in other industries. We will promote the construction of nitrogen reduction and denitrification projects and high-efficiency dust removal facilities in the cement industry. The new dry-process cement clinker production line with a scale of more than 2,000 tons/day will complete the transformation of low-nitrogen combustion and flue gas denitrification as required, and the new dry-process cement clinker production line with a scale of less than 2,000 tons/day (excluding this number) will gradually implement the transformation of low-nitrogen combustion. Before the end of 2015, building ceramic kilns and flat glass manufacturers with a scale of more than 700,000 square meters/year and a fuel sulfur content of more than 0.5% must switch to clean energy or install flue gas desulfurization and efficient dust removal facilities. Flue gas desulfurization of iron and steel sintering machine, pelletizing equipment and petrochemical catalytic cracking unit was carried out, and the comprehensive desulfurization efficiency reached over 85%; Before the end of 2014, all petroleum catalytic cracking units in the province will be desulfurized, before the end of 2015, all steel sintering machines in the province will be desulfurized, and before the end of 2017, all steel sintering machines in the province will be denitrated.

　　(2) Reduce volatile organic compounds and focus on controlling ozone pollution.

　　1. Promote the emission control of volatile organic compounds from industrial sources. Focus on strengthening the comprehensive control of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in petroleum refining and chemical industry, and fully popularize LDAR technology. Before the end of 2015, all petroleum refining enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region will apply LDAR technology, and before the end of 2017, all key enterprises in the province, such as petroleum refining enterprises, organic chemicals and pharmaceutical chemicals, will fully apply LDAR technology. Strengthen the comprehensive treatment of organic waste gas from petroleum refining, and install waste gas recovery or terminal treatment devices in production process units such as process exhaust, storage tanks, waste gas combustion towers (torches) and waste water treatment. By the end of 2015, the oil refining and chemical enterprises in the Pearl River Delta region will complete the comprehensive treatment of organic waste gas, and by the end of 2017, the oil refining and chemical enterprises in other regions will complete the comprehensive treatment of organic waste gas.

　　2. Implement emission control of volatile organic compounds in typical industries. Manufacturers of paints, inks, adhesives, pesticides, etc. should adopt closed integrated production technology, uniformly collect volatile organic waste gas and purify it, and the purification efficiency should be greater than 90%. Encourage the production and use of water-based, non-organic solvent-based and low-organic solvent-based products that meet environmental requirements, and increase the proportion of environmentally-friendly paints. Deepen the treatment of volatile organic compounds emission standards in printing, furniture, surface painting (automobile manufacturing), shoe making, container manufacturing, electronic equipment manufacturing and other industries. By the end of 2015, the Pearl River Delta region will complete key corporate governance tasks, and other regions will complete key corporate governance tasks by the end of 2017. Strengthen the emission control of volatile organic compounds during the storage, transportation and sales of oil (fuel oil and solvent), and install closed collection systems for storage tanks and vehicles. Before the end of 2014, the gas stations, oil storage tanks, tanker trucks and storage tanks of chemical enterprises in the province will complete the construction of oil and gas recovery control and online monitoring system for oil and gas recovery.

　　3. Carry out emission control of volatile organic compounds from domestic sources. Promote the use of water-based or low-volatile architectural coatings, wood paints and adhesives that meet the requirements of environmental protection in the building decoration industry, and gradually reduce the use of organic solvent-based coatings. All localities should establish a government green procurement system for coating products, and give priority to water-based or low-volatile products in government-invested projects. Eliminate open dry cleaning machines in clothing dry cleaning industry, and promote the use of closed dry cleaning machines equipped with refrigeration solvent recovery system. Strengthen the pollution control of cooking fume. Before the end of 2015, all catering enterprises and unit canteens that emit cooking fume in the urban built-up areas in the Pearl River Delta region will be equipped with efficient cooking fume purification facilities, and the normal utilization rate of the facilities will not be less than 95%; Before the end of 2017, all catering enterprises and unit canteens that emit fumes in urban built-up areas in other regions will install efficient fume purification facilities. Promote the use of high-efficiency and clean household range hoods. No open-air barbecue or open-air catering processing with oil fume is allowed in the main urban area of each city. At least one typical region is selected for listing at all levels to carry out online monitoring pilot of large-scale catering enterprises and establish a long-term supervision mechanism.

　　(3) Develop green transportation and reduce the pollution discharge of mobile machinery and equipment.

　　1. Strengthen urban traffic management. Implement the public transport priority development strategy, optimize the layout of public transport network, strengthen the construction of pedestrian and bicycle transportation systems, increase the proportion of public transport, pedestrian and bicycle trips, and reasonably control the number of motor vehicles. Vigorously implement the demonstration project for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles, and strive to reach more than 60% of the new buses in Guangzhou and Shenzhen every year. Accelerate the renewal of old vehicles in various industries and promote the use of new energy and clean energy vehicles. Vigorously develop green freight transportation, and promote drop-and-drop transportation. From January 1, 2015, logistics parks and cargo distribution centers in the Pearl River Delta region will use vehicles that meet the national emission standards above III to transport goods.

　　2. Improve the environmental protection entry threshold for new cars. Strengthen the management of new car registration and transfer of foreign vehicles, and carry out new car registration and transfer registration in strict accordance with the national catalogue of environmentally-friendly vehicles. Gradually improve the emission standards for new vehicles, and implement the national V light gasoline vehicle emission standards in the Pearl River Delta region and the national V diesel vehicle emission standards in the whole province ahead of schedule after approval by the state. Fully implement the fuel consumption limit standard and access system for road transport vehicles, and newly purchased vehicles that do not meet the limit standard shall not enter the road transport market.

　　3. Strengthen the prevention and control of vehicle pollution in use. Strengthen the capacity building of motor vehicle environmental protection supervision, fully implement the system of regular inspection and maintenance of motor vehicle environmental protection, establish and improve the information system of motor vehicle environmental protection inspection and supervision, and the data of motor vehicle environmental protection management in various places must be networked with the Provincial Environmental Protection Department. Before the end of 2014, the regular detection rate of environmental protection of motor vehicles in all localities should reach more than 80%. Increase the sampling inspection of motor vehicle parking places and roads. Accelerate the issuance of environmental protection inspection marks for motor vehicles. Before the end of 2014, the issuance rate of environmental protection inspection marks in the province should reach more than 90%. Vehicles that have not obtained environmental protection inspection marks and vehicles with excessive exhaust gas are not allowed to drive on the road. Before the end of 2015, we will complete the special action of the province’s overdue annual inspection of vehicles. If we fail to obtain the motor vehicle inspection mark within three consecutive motor vehicle inspection cycles after the expiration of the inspection validity period, we will be forced to scrap it according to law. Study on shortening the mandatory retirement period of taxis and encourage the replacement of efficient exhaust gas purification devices every year.

　　4. Accelerate the elimination of "yellow label vehicles". For vehicles that have reached the mandatory retirement age and have not gone through the retirement procedures, they shall be forcibly cancelled according to law and the license plate shall be declared invalid. We will fully implement the "yellow-label vehicle" restriction measures. By the end of 2015, the area of "yellow-label vehicle" restriction areas in cities in the Pearl River Delta region will account for no less than 40% of the urban built-up area, and the area of other cities will not be less than 30%. Promote the establishment of an electronic law enforcement system in the restricted area, and capture the "yellow label car" entering the restricted area in real time and punish it according to law. All localities should increase subsidies for the early elimination of "yellow-label vehicles", ensure that by 2015, the province will eliminate all "yellow-label vehicles" registered before the end of 2005, and basically eliminate all "yellow-label vehicles" in the Pearl River Delta region, and basically eliminate "yellow-label vehicles" in the whole province by 2017.

　　5. Accelerate the upgrading of oil quality. Since 2014, the province has fully supplied Guangdong IV vehicle gasoline and national IV vehicle diesel; Pay close attention to the release of Guangdong V oil product standards, and fully supply Guangdong V motor gasoline in the Pearl River Delta region before the end of 2014; Before the end of June 2015, Guangdong V motor gasoline and China V motor diesel were fully supplied in the province. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of oil quality, and gas stations shall not sell and supply substandard automobile gasoline and diesel oil.

　　6. Promote emission reduction of ships, ports and other mechanical equipment. Promote cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao to control pollution emissions from ocean-going ships. The newly-built cruise terminal in the Pearl River Delta region must be equipped with shore power facilities, and the newly-built container terminal with a tonnage of over 100,000 tons must be equipped with shore power facilities or reserve space and capacity for the construction of shore power facilities. Before the end of 2017, the province’s crude oil and refined oil terminals will complete the comprehensive management of oil and gas. Improve the energy consumption structure of ports, speed up the process of "changing oil into electricity" and "changing oil into gas" for mobile machinery, transport vehicles and trailers in ports, and encourage the pilot reform of liquefied natural gas (LNG) fuel power for ships. By the end of 2017, the "oil-to-electricity" work of RTG in major coastal and inland ports will be basically completed. From January 1, 2014, the national I marine engine emission standard will be implemented, and by the end of 2017, working ships and port management ships will basically use shore power when berthing. Strengthen the emission management of off-road mobile machinery, carry out environmental protection management of construction machinery, and promote the installation of air pollutant aftertreatment devices.

　　(four) to strengthen non-point source remediation, control dust and toxic gas emissions.

　　1. Strengthen construction and road dust pollution control. Popularize the prevention and control technology of construction dust pollution, and establish a dynamic information base of dust sources and an online monitoring system of particulate matter. Actively promote green construction, urge the construction unit to implement dust prevention and control measures such as closing the enclosure on the construction site, setting washing facilities, and hardening the road. Open operation is strictly prohibited. The construction site muck and powdery materials in the main urban area of each city should be gradually transported in a closed way and equipped with satellite positioning devices. Construction sites with a total construction area of more than 100,000 square meters must standardize the installation of dust video monitoring equipment. Actively promote low-dust operation methods such as mechanized cleaning of urban roads, popularize the new cleaning technology of "sucking, sweeping, flushing and harvesting", increase the frequency of road washing and cleaning, and effectively reduce the dust load on roads. Increase the intensity of road cleaning under unfavorable meteorological conditions and increase the number of sprinklers.

　　2. Remediation of dust pollution in the storage yard. Bulk material storage yard should be closed for storage or wind and dust suppression facilities should be built. For docks below 1000 tons (excluding this number), technologies such as dry fog and spray dust removal should be used to reduce the dust drift rate, and for docks above 1000 tons, the construction of wind and dust suppression nets and the transformation of closed transportation systems should be completed. For the wastes piled up for a long time, measures should be taken, such as covering green, paving, hardening and spraying dust suppressant or stabilizer regularly. Actively promote the comprehensive utilization of fly ash, slag and slag, and reduce the amount of stacking. By the end of 2015, the key port areas in the Pearl River Delta region will complete the task of comprehensive control of dust pollution, and by the end of 2017, all port areas in the Pearl River Delta region and other key port areas will complete the task of comprehensive control of dust pollution.

　　3. Strictly control the emission of toxic gases. According to the requirements, the demonstration project of dioxin emission reduction will be implemented in key industries such as renewable non-ferrous metal production, steelmaking production, waste incineration and cremation of remains in stages, and the supervision and monitoring of dioxins will be carried out regularly every year for waste incineration power plants. It is forbidden to burn substances that may produce toxic and harmful smoke and odor in the open air or use them as fuel. Take the emission control of toxic air pollutants as an important part of the EIA approval of construction projects. To study and formulate control standards for the emission of toxic and harmful substances such as mercury and lead from coal burning.

　　(five) strict environmental access, control the increase of atmospheric pollutants.

　　1. Strictly implement the EIA system. Improve the linkage mechanism between planning EIA and project EIA, strictly manage the EIA of major projects, and incorporate the fine particles and ozone standards into the planning EIA and related project EIA. Projects that have not passed the EIA review are strictly prohibited from starting construction and operation.

　　2. Strengthen total pollutant control. Improve the measures for the management of the total discharge of major pollutants in construction projects, and take whether the discharge of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, smoke dust and volatile organic compounds meets the requirements of total control as a prerequisite for the approval of environmental impact assessment. Accelerate the formulation of supporting policies for the total emission management of inhalable particulate matter and volatile organic compounds. Regional restrictions will be implemented in areas that have not completed the task of reducing the emission of major atmospheric pollutants. Except for livelihood projects, the approval of projects that discharge corresponding atmospheric pollutants will be suspended.

　　3. Implement pollutant reduction and substitution. For construction projects that emit sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the Pearl River Delta region will implement the substitution of 2 times the reduction of active sources, and other regions will implement the substitution of 1.5 times the reduction of active sources. For construction projects that emit inhalable particulate matter and volatile organic compounds, the Pearl River Delta region will gradually implement reduction substitution, and other regions will implement equivalent or reduction substitution.

　　4. Improve the air emission standards of key industries. According to the Announcement of the Ministry of Environmental Protection on Implementing Special Emission Limits of Air Pollutants (No.14, 2013), the construction projects of thermal power, steel, petrochemical, cement, nonferrous metal smelting, chemical industry and coal-fired boilers in the Pearl River Delta region will implement the national special emission limits of air pollutants, and the construction projects of steel, petrochemical and other industries in eastern Guangdong and western Guangdong will implement the national special emission limits of air pollutants.

　　(six) optimize the industrial layout and guide the development of industrial agglomeration.

　　1. Adjust the pattern of industrial development. Formulate the industrial development guidance catalogue of the main functional areas, establish and improve the access mechanism of key industries that adapt to the main functional areas, implement differentiated industrial policies, and scientifically guide the rational development and layout of the province’s industries. Focus on strengthening the scientific demonstration of the planning and site selection of heavily polluting enterprises such as steel, petrochemical and thermal power, and basically complete the environmental relocation, upgrading and transformation of heavily polluting enterprises such as steel, petrochemical, chemical, cement, flat glass and non-ferrous metal smelting and other enterprises whose pollution discharge cannot reach the standard stably in environmentally sensitive areas and urban built-up areas.

　　2. Promote the development of industrial agglomeration. Adhere to agglomeration development and regional overall coordination, give priority to the development of modern service industry in the Pearl River Delta region, accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing industry, and vigorously develop high-tech industries; Eastern Guangdong will speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and moderately develop heavy chemical industries; Western Guangdong focuses on the development of port-based heavy chemical industry and modern service industry; Northern Guangdong gives priority to the development of eco-tourism and moderately develops resource-based industries and low-pollution industries. Strict implementation of industrial park project access and investment intensity requirements, and actively promote the concentration of industries in the park. Newly-built projects in areas outside the Pearl River Delta, such as steel, petrochemical, cement, flat glass, non-ferrous metal smelting, chemicals and ceramics, should, in principle, enter industrial parks established in accordance with laws and regulations and with complete environmental protection facilities.

　　(seven) the development of green economy, eliminate compressed pollution production capacity.

　　1. Vigorously develop circular economy. Efforts will be made to promote the recycling transformation of characteristic industrial parks, promote the cascade utilization of energy, the exchange and utilization of waste, and the economical and intensive use of land, promote the recycling production of enterprises, the recycling development of parks, and the recycling combination of industries, and build a recycling industrial system. Promote the coordinated disposal of wastes in industrial furnaces and blast furnaces such as steel and cement, and promote the development of renewable resource utilization industries. By 2017, the energy consumption per unit of industrial added value will be reduced by more than 20% compared with that in 2012. More than 50% of all kinds of national parks and more than 30% of all kinds of provincial parks will be recycled, and the proportion of major non-ferrous metal varieties and steel recycling will reach more than 40%.

　　2. Fully implement cleaner production. Review cleaner production in key industries such as steel, cement, petrochemical, chemical and non-ferrous metal smelting, and implement advanced technological transformation of cleaner production in key areas and weak links of energy conservation and emission reduction. By 2017, the emission intensity of key industries will be reduced by more than 30% compared with 2012. Promote the innovation of products such as non-organic solvent-based coatings and pesticides, and reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds during production and use. Actively develop new varieties of slow-release fertilizers to reduce ammonia emissions during the application of chemical fertilizers.

　　3. Cultivate green environmental protection industries. Formulate and implement the development plan of environmental protection industry in the whole province, and establish and improve the policy system conducive to the development of environmental protection industry. Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in energy conservation, environmental protection and green low-carbon technologies, vigorously promote the development of environmental protection technologies and industries, and actively develop environmental protection equipment manufacturing industry focusing on energy conservation and consumption reduction, pollution control and environmental monitoring. Promote the specialization, socialization and marketization of the construction and operation of air pollution control facilities, promote the socialization of environmental monitoring, promote the third-party control of air pollution, and actively cultivate environmental protection listed companies and key enterprises.

　　4. Strictly control the new production capacity of highly polluting industries. Formulate a list of highly polluting industrial projects that are stricter than national requirements, and clarify indicators such as resource and energy conservation and pollutant discharge. Establish a database of production capacity of high-pollution industries, strictly limit the new production capacity of "two high" (high energy consumption and high emission) industries, and replace the new, modified and expanded projects with equal or reduced production capacity. In the Pearl River Delta region, it is forbidden to build or expand heavy pollution projects such as steel, petrochemicals, cement (except for the purpose of treating municipal wastes), flat glass (except for special varieties of high-quality float glass projects) and non-ferrous metal smelting, and it is forbidden to build or expand coal-fired thermal power units and power stations owned by enterprises. Strict energy-saving evaluation and review system shall be implemented, and the energy consumption per unit product (output value) of new high-energy-consuming projects shall reach the domestic advanced level, and the energy-using equipment shall reach the first-class energy efficiency standard, and the energy consumption per unit product (output value) of new projects in the Pearl River Delta region shall reach the international advanced level.

　　5. Accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. Complete the task of eliminating backward production capacity in key industries in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan one year ahead of schedule, and formulate policies and supporting measures for eliminating backward production capacity in 2015-2017 with wider scope and higher standards in combination with the actual industrial development and air quality in Guangdong Province, so as to further accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. Enterprises that cannot be eliminated on schedule shall be forced to shut down according to law. For areas that fail to complete the elimination task on schedule, the procedures of approval, examination and approval, filing and other procedures for thermal power, steel, cement, petrochemical and other projects in this area will be suspended.

　　6. Reduce excess capacity. Promote the withdrawal of excess capacity in the "two high" industries with energy-saving and environmental protection standards, formulate support policies to promote the transformation and development of enterprises with excess capacity in the "two high" industries, encourage cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and acquisitions of enterprises with outstanding industries, and further reduce excess capacity. Pay close attention to cleaning up illegal projects under construction in overcapacity industries, publish the list of illegal enterprises, and formulate rectification plans within a time limit. Illegal projects that have not yet started shall not be started; Those under construction should be ordered to stop construction immediately.

　　(8) Adjusting the energy structure and increasing the supply of clean energy.

　　1. Implement total coal consumption control. We will implement long-term target responsibility management for controlling the total coal consumption. By 2017, the proportion of coal in the province’s energy consumption will fall below 36%, and the Pearl River Delta region will achieve negative growth in total coal consumption. We will implement a linkage mechanism between new projects and total coal consumption control, and implement coal reduction substitution for coal-consuming construction projects. By burning clean coal, switching to clean energy and improving the combustion efficiency of coal, the total coal consumption in key industries will be reduced. Strengthen the capacity building of external power receiving channels, improve the spatial layout of power grids, and gradually increase the proportion of external power transmission.

　　2. Expand the scope of natural gas supply. According to the goal of full coverage of high-pollution fuel no-burn zone and basic gasification of key industrial parks, we will accelerate the construction of gas source projects. We will improve the planning of the province’s main natural gas pipeline network and the city’s natural gas pipeline network, and speed up the construction of natural gas pipeline projects. By the end of 2015, the natural gas pipeline network will reach the industrial parks with useful gas demand in the Pearl River Delta region, and by the end of 2017, it will reach the industrial parks with useful gas demand in the province and the industrial clusters in the Pearl River Delta region. Strive to reach 50 billion cubic meters of natural gas supply capacity by the end of 2017, forming a multi-source and multi-directional gas supply and distribution system. By the end of 2017, the Pearl River Delta region will basically complete the clean energy transformation tasks such as coal-fired boilers, industrial kilns, and natural gas from self-owned coal-fired power stations with a single unit of less than 100,000 kilowatts. New natural gas will give priority to the protection of residents’ lives or be used to replace coal-fired boilers and kilns, encourage the development of distributed energy efficient utilization projects of natural gas, and restrict the development of natural gas chemical projects.

　　3. Promote the use of other clean energy sources. Actively and orderly develop hydropower, develop nuclear power safely and efficiently, and accelerate the development of new and renewable energy sources such as geothermal energy, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy and tidal energy. By 2017, the installed capacity of operating nuclear power units will reach more than 9.6 million kilowatts, and the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will increase to more than 20%. Rationally arrange a number of biomass power generation projects, build waste incineration power generation facilities with high environmental protection standards, and build biogas utilization projects in combination with landfill sites, livestock and poultry farms and wastewater treatment facilities.

　　4. Improve the quality of industrial fuels. Strictly control the sulfur ash content of coal, control the sulfur content of coal in thermal power plants below 0.7%, control the sulfur content of coal in industrial boilers and kilns below 0.6%, and control the sulfur content of fuel below 0.8%. Improve the proportion of coal preparation in coal consumption. It is forbidden to import inferior coal with high ash content and high sulfur content, and the import of high sulfur petroleum coke is restricted. Apply and popularize clean coal utilization technology.

　　5. Strengthen the management of high-pollution fuel no-burn zone. From 2014, the built-up areas of national environmental protection model cities and the urban built-up areas in the Pearl River Delta region should be designated as high-pollution fuel no-burn areas, and the areas of other cities should reach more than 60% of the urban built-up areas; Before the end of 2017, all urban built-up areas in the province should be designated as high-pollution fuel no-burn zones, and the scope of no-burn zones should be gradually extended to the suburbs. It is forbidden to burn raw (loose) coal, washed coal, coal water slurry, honeycomb coal, coke, charcoal, coal gangue, slime, coal tar, heavy oil, residual oil and combustible waste in the no-burn zone. It is forbidden to directly burn highly polluting fuels such as biomass, diesel, kerosene, artificial gas and other fuels with excessive pollutant content, and it is forbidden to build, modify or expand combustion facilities such as boilers, kilns and heat conduction oil furnace that burn highly polluting fuels.

　　(9) Strengthen environmental law enforcement and improve the efficiency of environmental supervision.

　　1. Strengthen regulatory capacity building. Improve the provincial, city, county, township (street) four-level environmental supervision system, strengthen the construction of environmental monitoring team, and enhance the ability of environmental supervision. By the end of 2014, we will complete the task of building a vehicle emission supervision platform at the provincial and municipal levels. Strengthen the supervisory monitoring of pollution sources, include boilers with more than 20 tons of steam and volatile organic compounds emitting enterprises in typical industries into the scope of supervisory monitoring, and implement online monitoring of volatile organic compounds in key enterprises on a pilot basis.

　　2. Strengthen supervision and inspection. The environmental air quality indicators of all localities are incorporated into the evaluation index system of environmental protection. According to the assessment requirements of the state for air pollution prevention and control, the progress of work in all localities is regularly supervised and made public. Interview accountability for areas where work responsibilities are not implemented, project progress is lagging behind, and ambient air quality is unqualified.

　　3. Strictly punish environmental violations. Improve on-site inspections, cross-enforcement, joint enforcement, spot checks and other environmental law enforcement methods, strengthen law enforcement linkage and information sharing between environmental protection departments and relevant departments, and improve the cooperation mechanism for investigating and handling environmental violations. Highlight the key points of supervision, supervise and supervise key environmental issues in various places, and vigorously rectify air pollution. Resolutely ban unlicensed enterprises such as small refineries and small boilers, and focus on cracking down on behaviors such as excessive emissions of heavily polluting enterprises, irregular management of construction dust, and production and sales of unqualified oil products. Explore the evaluation of enterprise environmental credit and improve the construction of environmental credit system.

　　4. Improve the convergence mechanism of law enforcement. Strictly implement the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Environmental Pollution (Fa Shi [2013] No.15), establish a law enforcement linkage mechanism between environmental protection departments and public security departments, improve the transfer, acceptance and filing of criminal cases of environmental pollution, and the consultation and supervision system for major cases, increase the comprehensive punishment for major environmental crimes according to law, severely punish illegal and criminal acts of environmental pollution, and further enhance the deterrent force of environmental law enforcement.

　　Third, safeguard measures

　　(ten) improve the coordination and early warning emergency mechanism.

　　1. Improve the coordination mechanism for prevention and control. Further improve the work mechanism of joint prevention and control of air pollution in the province and the regional cooperation mechanism of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, hold regular meetings on air pollution prevention and control in the province, coordinate and solve major environmental problems and cross-city air pollution disputes, and guide all localities and relevant departments to establish unified air pollution prevention and control policies. All localities should establish a consultation and cooperation mechanism for joint prevention and control of air pollution with unified planning, unified monitoring, unified supervision, unified evaluation and unified coordination. Cities in the Pearl River Delta region should strengthen coordination and linkage to solve outstanding problems such as fine particles and ozone. All relevant departments should work together to fully support the prevention and control of air pollution according to their respective responsibilities.

　　2. Improve the monitoring and early warning system. Improve the province’s atmospheric environmental monitoring network, and all state-controlled atmospheric monitoring stations in cities above prefecture level will carry out monitoring as required. Environmental protection and meteorological departments should strengthen cooperation, establish and improve the monitoring and early warning system of heavy air pollution, and jointly promote air quality forecasting. Conduct early warning drills for heavy pollution weather on a regular basis, and complete the construction tasks of monitoring and early warning systems for heavy air pollution in the provinces, the Pearl River Delta region and Guangzhou before the end of 2014, and other cities in the Pearl River Delta region will complete the construction tasks of monitoring and early warning systems for heavy air pollution before the end of 2015.

　　3. Improve the emergency response mechanism. The provincial environmental protection department should take the lead in formulating and organizing the implementation of the emergency plan for heavy air pollution in the Pearl River Delta region as soon as possible, and announce it to the public in a timely manner. In order to go public at all levels, it is necessary to formulate emergency plans for heavy air pollution in the region, clarify the responsible subjects, organizations, job responsibilities, early warning and response procedures, safeguard measures, etc., and announce them to the public in a timely manner. Local governments should incorporate the emergency treatment of heavy air pollution into the emergency management system of local emergencies and implement the responsibility system of the main person in charge. Establish and improve the regional air pollution prediction and early warning mechanism of monitoring and forecasting-expert consultation-reporting for approval-response implementation. When heavy pollution weather is predicted, local governments should take emergency response measures in time and organize all relevant parties to carry out their work as required.

　　(eleven) improve the local regulations and technical standards system.

　　1. Improve laws and regulations. Revise the Measures for the Administration of Pollutant Discharge Permit in Guangdong Province in a timely manner, accelerate the formulation of the Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Guangdong Province, improve the systems of total control, pollutant discharge permit, emergency warning and accountability, realize the organic connection between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, and improve the compensation system for environmental pollution damage according to the principle of "whoever pollutes is responsible and pays more for more emissions".

　　2. Improve the standard system. Strengthen the preparation and revision of local standards in Guangdong Province, speed up the revision of the emission limit standards of atmospheric pollutants in Guangdong Province, formulate the limit standards of harmful substances in low-sulfur loose coal and products, coatings, inks and other products, clarify the emission standards of atmospheric pollutants for biomass briquettes and the emission standards of volatile organic compounds in key industries, establish the emission accounting system of volatile organic compounds in key industries, and strengthen the hard constraints of energy consumption and safety standards.

　　3. Strengthen technical support. Strengthen the basic research on haze, ozone formation mechanism, source analysis, migration law, etc., and carry out the study on the exposure-response relationship between air pollution and population health. Support the construction of Guangdong National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and encourage environmental protection enterprises to build engineering technology research and development centers and engineering research centers (laboratories). Actively develop products and equipment for desulfurization and denitrification, high-efficiency dust removal, volatile organic compounds control, diesel engine (vehicle) emission purification, environmental monitoring, etc., and popularize a number of advanced and practical technologies to solve regional compound air pollution problems.

　　(12) Improve environmental and economic policies.

　　1. Improve the price system of resources and environment. Give full play to the leverage of resource prices and guide enterprises to produce green and consume green in society. Study and formulate differentiated and stepped resource price policies, and implement electricity price support policies for existing thermal power units that have adopted new technologies to transform dust removal facilities. Implement the policy of high quality and good price for oil products, and encourage oil refining enterprises to accelerate the pace of upgrading oil products.

　　2. Increase fiscal and taxation support. At the provincial and local levels, the funds for pollution prevention and control are listed as a whole, and the forms of "replacing compensation with awards", "promoting prevention with awards" and "promoting governance with awards" are adopted to support the prevention and control of air pollution. We will fully implement the preferential fiscal and taxation policies for contracted energy management, and actively explore the integrated franchise mode of investment, construction and operation of pollution control facilities. We will improve the support policies for the collection and emission reduction of sewage charges, and gradually levy sewage charges for volatile organic compounds, dust from construction sites, gas stations and operating catering fumes.

　　3. Innovative environmental protection financial policies. Establish green credit, green securities and environmental pollution liability insurance systems, incorporate corporate environmental information into the bank credit information system, and strictly restrict environmentally illegal enterprises from obtaining loans or listing financing. Accelerate the pilot work of paid use and trading of emission rights and carbon emission rights such as sulfur dioxide.

　　(13) Improve the participation mechanism of the whole society.

　　1. Timely disclosure of environmental information. Since 2014, the provincial environmental protection department will regularly publish the air quality status and ranking of cities at or above the local level every month, and all state-controlled and provincial-controlled air quality monitoring stations in the province will release air quality information to the public in real time. All localities should establish a compulsory disclosure system for environmental information of enterprises in heavily polluting industries, promptly and proactively publish information such as environmental impact assessment approval of new projects, sewage charges, supervision and law enforcement penalties, pollutant discharge of key enterprises, operation of pollution control facilities, and regularly publish environmental credit rating results of key pollution sources.

　　2. Mobilize the whole people to participate. Actively carry out various forms of publicity, education and training, popularize scientific knowledge of air pollution prevention and control, advocate civilized, economical and green consumption patterns and living habits, and improve the enthusiasm of the public to participate in atmospheric environmental protection. Encourage the public to supervise and report air pollution by opening a hotline for reporting and hiring special supervisors for air pollution prevention and control, and support environmental protection social organizations and environmental protection volunteers to carry out social supervision activities.

　　Municipal governments at or above the local level shall, in accordance with this action plan, pay close attention to formulating specific implementation plans for the region, decompose and implement tasks, and submit the progress of air pollution prevention and control work in the previous year to the provincial government before March 31 each year.

　　BEIJING, Beijing, September 5 (Qiu Yu) The first Mid-Autumn Festival was ushered in after the introduction of the new moon cake standard. The new standard was formally implemented in December last year, and the Wuren moon cake, which has attracted much attention, is clearly defined.

　　After investigating the moon cake market, the reporter found that the high-priced gift boxes above 2,000 yuan still exist, and ordinary gift boxes below 300 yuan are more popular. Because the new standard is not mandatory, there are still old packaged moon cakes on the market.

　　Price — —

　　Overall, it is the same as last year. The mooncake gift boxes below 300 yuan sell well.

　　Many large supermarkets in Xicheng District of Beijing have put out mooncake gift boxes and bulk mooncakes. The reporter visited and found that the price of mooncake gift boxes ranged from tens of yuan to hundreds of yuan, and bulk mooncakes were mostly twenty or thirty yuan a catty, and some of them had promotions and discounts.

　　A supermarket shopping guide in Xicheng District said that from the recent sales of mooncake gift boxes, gift boxes with a price of one or two hundred yuan are the most popular.

　　The price of moon cakes sold online is also relatively close to the people. The reporter searched in JD.COM, Tmall and No.1 Store and found that the prices of the top 10 mooncake gift boxes were all within 200 yuan. Among them, the price of Tmall is lower than that of 100 yuan.

　　Phenomenon — —

　　Some high-end gift boxes are packaged three times the weight of moon cakes.

　　There are still high-priced mooncake gift boxes on the Internet, but the sales volume is generally low.

　　JD.COM, Tmall and No.1 Store all have mooncake gift boxes with a price of more than 2,000 yuan on sale. A three-story mooncake gift box costs more than 2600 yuan, and the price per gram of mooncake is more than 10 times that of ordinary mooncakes. Online customer service said that "brand" has raised the price of moon cakes to some extent.

　　Another online salesperson of a high-end mooncake gift box said that in addition to the delicious mooncakes themselves, "packaging" is also the reason for the higher price of the gift box. According to the person, the net weight of the moon cakes in the gift box is more than 3 kg, and the total weight of the package is 12 kg. "The packaging material is tinplate, and the appearance is very high-end."

　　However, the sales of high-end moon cakes online are flat. Take Tmall as an example. The monthly turnover of the top 10 mooncake gift boxes is less than 20, of which 6 are zero.

　　Discover — —

　　The new standard is not mandatory, and there are still old packaged moon cakes on sale.

　　The reporter noticed that some of the mooncakes on sale in the market have been printed with the product standard number "GB/T 19855", and some mooncakes are still packaged with the old version of the "GB 19855" standard.

　　China Bakery and Sugar Products Industry Association explained in the report "Development Trend of National Mooncake Industry in 2016" that the new standard is recommended and not mandatory. For example, enterprises that implement this standard need to carefully study the revision of the standard and do a good job in the implementation of the standard.

　　After changing to recommended standards, does it mean that the industry standards have been relaxed? Guo Yaping, deputy director of Beijing Daoxiang Village Food Factory, believes that although it is a recommended national standard, enterprises should strictly implement the contents mentioned in the standard if they choose to adopt this standard and print new product standard numbers on the packaging.

　　If the enterprise chooses to implement the new standard, what will happen to the packaging printed with the standard number of the old product?

　　Guo Yaping said that the cost of a mooncake packaging box ranges from a few yuan to a dozen yuan, and throwing it away in large quantities will cause waste. For the old packaging in stock, Daoxiang Village adopts the form of adding new labels as a whole, covering the original labels. The new packaging adopted the new product standard number from the time of printing.

　　Popular science — —

　　Wuren moon cake has a strict definition: five kinds of nuts must be collected.

　　In terms of types, the styles of mooncakes sold this year have increased. The new standard adds six categories of moon cakes: Chaozhou moon cakes, Yunnan moon cakes, Jin moon cakes, Qiong moon cakes, desktop moon cakes and Harbin moon cakes.

　　In view of the most concerned Wuren moon cake, the new standard puts forward that "the moon cake filled with five main raw materials, such as walnut kernel, almond, olive kernel, melon seed kernel and sesame seed, can be called Wuren moon cake".

　　This definition immediately caused controversy: Does Wuren moon cake have to contain the above five kinds of nuts?

　　In this regard, the Pastry Sub-technical Committee of the National Baking Products Standardization Technical Committee explained in the letter that the word "equal" refers to the use of the above five kinds of nuts in the ingredients of Guangdong Wuren moon cake.

　　Guo Yaping said that according to the understanding of the above letter, whether it is a five-kernel moon cake with olive kernels in the south or a five-kernel moon cake with pine nuts in the north, as long as it is processed with more than five kinds of nuts such as peach kernel and almond, it can be called five-kernel moon cake.

　　She said that moon cakes are traditional foods and are produced all over the country. The promulgation and implementation of the new moon cake standard not only standardizes the production behavior of the moon cake industry, but also encourages the inheritance and innovation of traditional food culture.

　　Industry observation — —

　　The cost increases. Why didn’t the mooncake manufacturers raise their prices significantly?

　　A person in charge of a moon cake company revealed that the prices and labor costs of raw materials such as edible vegetable oil, white sugar and nuts have risen this year, leading to an increase in the cost of moon cakes.

　　"The price of white sugar is fluctuating and rising," said Sun Yue, an analyst with Zhuo Chuang Information. Taking Guangxi sugar as an example, the average ex-factory price in August was 5,870 yuan/ton, up 15% compared with the same period last year.

　　Li Wenqian, an analyst at Zhuo Chuang Information, said that due to the increase in peanut prices in the first half of this year, the first-grade peanut oil squeezed by manufacturers has increased by about 1000 yuan/ton compared with the same period of last year, with a year-on-year increase of about 7.41%.

　　Although the cost has increased, some enterprises have not significantly increased the price of moon cakes.

　　Guo Yaping said that Daoxiang Village has a product price management strategy and process method, and the price adjustment will only be carried out when the price fluctuation of raw materials exceeds a certain proportion of the cost. Although the cost of raw and auxiliary materials for moon cakes has increased, it has not yet reached the prescribed proportion, so the price remains basically unchanged this year.

　　China Bakery and Sugar Products Industry Association pointed out in the report that it is expected that the sales price of mooncake retail market will be basically the same as last year, or increase slightly, despite the rising prices of some raw materials and labor costs this year.

　　According to the report, when the mooncake industry continued to decline in 2013 and 2014, most enterprises optimized and adjusted their product structure, ensuring reasonable profits and making prices more reasonable and popular.

Original Zhiyuan Xin Zhiyuan Xin

Zhiyuan Xin reports.

Editor: editorial department

[Introduction to Zhiyuan Xin] Grok of xAI opened its source as scheduled after seven days! Open the code behind Grok and let Musk slap his face at OpenAI. There are 8 MOEs with 314 billion parameters, and the weight structure is fully open. As soon as the project is launched, it has already snapped up 6k stars on GitHub.

When it comes to doing it, Grok of Musk xAI is really open source as scheduled!

Just now, xAI officially released the weight and architecture of the 314 billion parameter hybrid expert model Grok-1.

With a parameter of 314 billion, Grok-1 has become the largest open source LLM so far, four times that of Llama 2.

At present, xAI has not disclosed more information about Grok-1.

The information released by official website is as follows-

-The basic model is trained on a large amount of text data and has not been fine-tuned for any specific task.

The MoE of the-314B parameter has a weight of 25% that is active on a given token.

-In October, 2023, xAI started training from scratch using a custom training stack based on JAX and Rust.

Once online GitHub, Grok snapped up 6k stars and 586 Fork.

Project address: https://github.com/xai-org/grok-1.

Musk did not forget to ridicule OpenAI, "Tell us more about the" open "part of OpenAI …"

The new york Times commented that the original code behind the open source Gork is an upgrade of the future battle that the richest man in the world controls AI.

Will open source make technology safer or will it make it more abusive?

Musk, an "open source supporter", set an example and got involved in this heated debate in the AI community, and gave the answer with actions.

Xiao Zha also commented on Grok just now. "It didn’t really impress people. There are too many parameters of 314 billion. You need a bunch of H100, but I have already bought it."

A magnetic chain, the world’s first largest model open source.

This time, xAI open source Grok-1 is licensed by Apache-2.0, so users can freely use, modify and distribute the software.

The repository contains JAX sample code for loading and running the Grok-1 open source weight model.

Users need to download checkpoint, put the ckpt-0 directory in checkpoint, and then run the following code to test:

pip install -r requirements.txtpython run.py

This script will load the checkpoint and the samples in the model on the test input.

Because the model is large and the parameters reach 314B, a computer with enough GPU memory is needed to test the model with sample code.

Moreover, because the implementation efficiency of MoE layer in this repository is not high, this implementation is chosen to avoid the need to customize the kernel to verify the correctness of the model.

Through the Torrent client and the following magnetic link, you can download the weights.

magnet:? xt=urn:btih:5f96d43576e3d386c9ba65b883210a393b68210e&tr=https%3A%2F%2Facademictorrents.com%2Fannounce.php& tr=udp%3A%2F%2Ftracker.coppersurfer.tk%3A6969&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Ftracker.opentrackr.org%3A1337%2Fannounce

More details

Andrew Kean Gao, a Stanford researcher, browsed model.py and introduced more information about the architecture of Grok. There are no additional clauses for the 314 billion parameters.

8 mixed experts (2 active experts), 860B active parameters. It uses rotation embedding instead of fixed position embedding.

-tokenizer vocabulary: 131,072 (similar to GPT-4) is equivalent to 2 17.

-Embedded size: 6144(48*128)

-Transformer layer: 64 (each layer has a decoding layer: multi-head attention block and density block)

-Key size: 128

Multi-head attention module: there are 48 query headers and 8 key values.

Dense block (dense feedforward block):

-Width factor: 8

-The hidden layer size is 32768.

Each token selects 2 out of 8 experts.

The embedding size of the rotation position is 6144, which is meaningful, and it is the same as the input embedding size of the model.

-Context length: 8192 token

-Accuracy: bf16

Finally, attach a summary map.

Netizen: Open source battle is coming.

The AI community is already boiling!

The technical community points out that the highlight of Grok is the use of GeGLU and normalization method in the forward feedback layer, and the use of interesting sandwich norm technique.

Even OpenAI employees have expressed their strong interest in Grok.

Jim Fan, a senior scientist in NVIDIA, said, "The largest open source model in history was trained by a world-class team and released through the magnetic chain Apache 2.0.

314B parameter, mixed expert model (8 experts and 2 active). Even the active parameter scale (86B) exceeds the largest Llama model. I can’t wait to see the benchmark results and what kind of applications people can build with it. "

Sebastian Raschka, an AI researcher, said that Grok is more open-source than other open-source modular models that usually have restrictions on use. However, it is less open source than Pythia, Bloom and Olmo, which provide training code and reproducible data sets.

Boris Dayma, the founder of Craiyon, analyzed the code of Grok-1 in detail.

Netizen indigo said that in order to "understand the universe", it seems that the xAI team deliberately set the parameter as "pi 314B", which is the largest open source model at present. It is expected that Llama 3 will join Grok’s open source battle in June this year.

After Grok opened the source, a big wave of fine-tuning is coming.

The first generation Grok has surpassed Llama-2-70B.

In November, 2023, xAI launched its first generation of big language model, Grok, and formally joined the big model war.

At that time, Grok used Twitter as part of the "Premium+" subscription service, with a monthly fee of $16.

XAI said that Grok’s design was inspired by The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, which can answer almost all questions and help people pursue understanding and knowledge regardless of background or political stance.

Grok’s original version, Grok-0, had 33 billion parameters, and then xAI introduced Grok-1, which was improved several times to support the Grok chat robot on X.

According to the data released by xAI, in a series of benchmark tests such as GSM8K, HumanEval and MMLU, Grok-1 outperformed LLMA-2-70b and GPT-3.5, although it was far from GPT-4.

At that time, Grok was not only able to handle the user content generated in real time on the X platform, but also had a little sense of humor, which injected a little vitality into the simple AI.

While providing information about the latest hot events (whether political or sports), it can also be clever and even occasionally sarcastic.

Why did Musk choose open source?

After mocking OpenAI as "CloseAI" several times, Musk really chose to open his own big model.

Of course, there must be commercial considerations behind this.

As a market leader, OpenAI has no reason to open source the model code behind ChatGPT.

Now, by releasing Grok’s code, Musk firmly rooted himself in the latter camp. This decision may make his xAI surpass Meta and Mistral AI.

Llama’s open source has brought many benefits to Meta, and almost made Xiaozha climb out of the quagmire of the meta-universe.

Mistral AI, which is just a small start-up, is also famous for its open source strategy and is recognized by the industry as "OpenAI in Europe".

The open source version may encourage developers and potential customers to adopt their own models more quickly, which actually plays a marketing role.

The feedback and improvement from the developer community on the open source version of Grok may also help xAI to speed up the development of new versions, which can choose to open source or keep exclusive rights.

For example, like Mistral, it promises to continue to release open source versions while retaining the most advanced models for paying customers.

Musk has always been a supporter of open source technology. Even Tesla has opened the source code of some parts of the car, and his social media platform X has published some algorithms for content ranking.

"There is still work to be done, but this platform is by far the most transparent, truth-oriented and not a high threshold platform," Musk said today in response to comments on the open source X recommendation algorithm.

Although OpenAI is still far ahead in the AI field, the war between open source and closed source is far from over.

Should the AI model be open source? Some people think that this powerful technology must be protected from intruders, while others insist that the advantages of open source absolutely outweigh the disadvantages.

As a market leader, OpenAI has no reason to open source the model code behind ChatGPT.

Now, by releasing Grok’s code, Musk firmly rooted himself in the latter camp.

This decision may enable his xAI to finally surpass Meta and Mistral AI.

References:

https://x.ai/blog/grok-os

here's your DEEP DIVE into @grok's architecture!
I just went through the https://t.co/8Y5cjeImg6, for this 314B open source behemoth with *no strings attached*.

👇🧵 pic.twitter.com/CraHKGqILe

— andrew gao (@itsandrewgao) March 17, 2024

https://www.wired.com/story/elon-musk-no-choice-open-chatbot-grok/

Original title: "Musk faces OpenAI, the world’s largest Big Mac model Grok-1 is open source! 314 billion parameters, 8 MoE, GitHub madly took 6k stars "

Read the original text

CCTV News:The State Council Press Office held a regular briefing on the State Council policy at 3 pm on July 17th. Wang Jiang, Vice Minister of Industry and Information Technology, and the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice introduced the Regulations on the Protection of Payment for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and answered questions from reporters.

Wang Jiangping introduced that small and medium-sized enterprises are the most dynamic enterprise groups, an important support for expanding employment and improving people’s livelihood, and an important foundation for building a modern economic system and achieving high-quality economic development. In recent years, influenced by the complicated and changeable economic situation at home and abroad and the downward pressure on the economy, the payback period of enterprise accounts has been extended, and some organs, institutions and large enterprises have the problem of owing money to small and medium-sized enterprises to varying degrees, which has seriously infringed on the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized enterprises, aggravated their financial difficulties and even endangered their survival. Small and medium-sized enterprises have strongly reflected this and attracted wide attention from all sectors of society.